Frequency and predictors of consistent condom use in HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Western Ethiopia Zewdneh Shewamene Sabe (B.Pharm, MSc) College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Gondar, Ethiopia November 26, 2014

Outline  Introduction  Objectives  Materials and methods  Results and Discussion  Conclusion 2

Introduction o HIV/AIDS is one of the greatest public health problems of sub-Saharan Africa countries o Consistent condom use among others remains the most effective barrier method against HIV transmission 3

Introduction…  Rationale of the study o So far, facilitators and barriers to consistent condom use among the public has been addressed o However, frequency and predictors of consistent condom use in HIV/AIDS patients was not studied adequately o This scenario deserved to be investigated 4

Objectives o To investigate the frequency and predictors of consistent condom use in HIV/AIDS patients 5

Materials and Methods  Study setting and design o The study was conducted at university of Gondar referral Hospital anti-retroviral treatment (ART) clinic o A total of 330 randomly selected patients were interviewed using structured interview guide o Cross sectional study design was adapted from April to May,

Materials and Methods…  Statistical analysis and ethical issues o The data were coded, entered, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS Statistics, version 20 for Windows o Descriptive statistics were conducted using frequencies and proportions o Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out using logistic regression to examine associations 7

Result and Discussion VariablesFrequency (No = 317)Percent (%) SexMale Female Age(years) > ReligionOrthodox Muslim Protestant237.2 Marital statusMarried Single Divorced Widowed Residence Urban Rural Educational statusPrimary school Secondary school Higher education Illiterate Table 1: Socio-demographic Characteristics

Result... 9 Table 2: General awareness regarding condom use VariablesFrequency (n=317) Percentage (%) Have u ever heard of condom?Yes No123.8 Have you ever attend any condom session?Yes No Correct use of condom will prevent HIV/AIDS transmission? Yes No Correct use of condom will prevent STIs?Yes No Correct use of condom will prevent pregnancy?Yes No226.9 The HIV virus cannot pass` through the condomYes No I always use condom during sex in the last six months yes No6721.1

Result Table 3: Facilitators of consistent condom use Variables Consistent condom useBivariate Analysis COR (95% CI) Multivariate analysis AOR (95% CI) P- value Yes No SexMale140(88.6%)18(11.4%)8.38 ( ) ( ) Female110(69.1%)49(30.9%) Residenti al area Urban188(80.3%)46(19.7%)6.40 ( ) ( )0.001 Rural62(74.6%)21(25.4%)1.00 Educatio nal status Primary84(80%)21(20%)1.98 ( ) 2.00 ( ) ( ) ( )0.023 Secondary99(83.9%)19(16.1%)1.74 ( )0.011 Higher37(92.5%)3(7.5%)8.98 ( )0.001 Illiterate30(55.6%)24(44.4%)1.00

Result  Consistent condom use was reported by 250 (78.9%) participants; 140 (88.6%) males and 110 (69.1%) of females o Men were more exposed for dialogues with friends and colleagues (Yalew et al, 2012) o Females unable to negotiate condom use during sexual intercourse (Kennedy et al 2007) (OR 6.87; 95% CI )

Result  Participants aged between years (OR 1.98; 95%CI ) were more likely to practice consistent condom use compared to other age groups o Participants at sexually active age were more likely to have better information concerning condom (Dia et al, 2010, Hurtado et al, 2011)

Result  Consistent use of condom was significantly different between urban (OR 4.65; 95% CI ) and rural participants o Information gap would exist between these areas (Dessie et al, 2011)

Result  Respondents with an advanced level of education were more likely to report regular use of condoms (OR 8.98; 95% CI ) compared to those without the education o This result is quite similar with a study in Addis Ababa public hospitals (Dessie et al, 2011) which could possibly be due to behavioral changes acquainted through education

Result  Duration since ART initiated was significant predictor of consistent condom use (OR 3.91, 95%CI )  This could be due to the more robust counseling among ART experienced patients compared to those who were new for ART

Conclusion  Significant portion of the following HIV/AIDS patients were not using condom consistently  Females  Rural dwellers  Uneducated groups and  New ART users  In light of this, increasing awareness about the importance of consistent condom use among HIV/AIDS patients will be critical to reduce the transmission as well as infection by multiple viral strains 16

Acknowledgement o University of Gondar o Amref Health Africa 17

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