ENV 506 INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LECTURER: ABD. RAHIM DAL FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES UiTM

INTRODUCTION  A key thrust of National Vision Policy is pursuing environmentally sustainable development to reinforce long-term growth.  Waste represent social, political,economic, physical and environmental concerns.  Preventing and managing waste is the heart of sustainable development.  Plan for future

STATUS OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA  An ever-expanding population and high rates of economic development in Malaysia resulted in the generation of vast amount of waste.  It is estimated about 25,000 ton/day of waste generated in Peninsular Malaysia.

 Average per capita generation of waste 0.85 kg/cap/day.  About 1.5 kg/cap/day in Kuala Lumpur.  About 76% of waste generated are collected.  1-2% is recycled and the remainder is taken to disposal sites. Con’t…

Con’t…  About 5% waste collected in KL are reused and recycled.  Over 40% of 175 disposal sites are operating as dumpsite.  Intermediate treatment is limited to small-scale thermal treatment plant in resorted islands.

ROLE OF FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT Three level of Government  Federal Government - Ministry of Housing & Local Government - Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister Dpt. - Department of Environment - Ministry of Health  State Government  Local Authorities

ROLE OF FEDERAL GOVERNMENT  Local Government Department,  MHLG handles all matters related to Solid Waste Management funding and policy development  this is done in coordination with the Economic Planning Unit and others government agencies.

Con’t…  Interagency Cooperation  MHLG has established a Technical Committee on SWM  comprising of relevant government agencies, Local University Researchers and Research Institution.

RESEARCH ON SWM BY MHLG AND OTHER AGENCIES  Study on Strategic Plan for SWM.  Study on Safety Closure & Rehabilitation of Landfill Sites in Malaysia.  Study on Solid Waste Composition & Characteristic.  Study on Composting.

ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT  Local Authorities are the implementing agencies and have direct responsibility over solid waste collection, treatment and disposal.

LEGISLATION RELATED TO SWM  Local Government Act 1976  Street, Drainage and Building Act 1974  Environment Quality Act 1974  Refuse Collection, Removal and Disposals By-Laws.

Principles to guide development of Strategic Plan:  Direct participation of Federal Government.  Privatization of SWM services  Sustainable waste management  Inter cooperation amongst government and stakeholders.  Public awareness program  Development of technical and managerial capability THE WAY FORWARD – Strategic Plan

Waste Hierarchy (Current Status)  Reduce  Reuse  Recycling  Intermediate Processing  Disposal THE WAY FORWARD 5 % recovery 95% Landfill

Waste Hierarchy (Targeted 2020)  Reduce  Reuse  Recycling  Intermediate Processing  Disposal THE WAY FORWARD > 20 % Recycling < 65 % Landfill 15 % Intermediate Processing

THE WAY FORWARD Waste Minimization Reduce / Reuse Recycling Incineration (With Energy Recovery) Incineration (Without Energy Recovery) Land Disposal Waste Hierarchy (FUTURE)  Reduce  Reuse  Recycling  Intermediate  Processing  Disposal

The aim of a sustainable solid waste management is to reduce trash for final disposal and then disposing it in an environmentally safest manner. CURRENT PRACTISEPREFERRED PRACTISE SUSTAINABLE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

THE WAY FORWARD  Legislation & Institutional  Review existing legislation  Enable federalization and privatization  Enhance waste minimization  Identifying all stakeholders  Institutional strengthening

Con’t…  Privatization  To improve SWM services  To relinquish financial burden  Wider involvement by the private sector  Final stage of agreement (transition period)

Benefit of private Sector Participation  UK & US Studies  Costs have been at least 25% lower due to rationalized operation and greater management flexibility.  Canadian Studies  Costs have been at least 25% lower in most provinces  60% lower in Atlantic Province  High costs in Quebec Province were due to older and large equipment, large crew sizes and lower productivity.

 Latin American Studies  Costs have been at least 50% lower due to higher labor and vehicle productivity  Malaysian Study  Costs have been at least 20% lower due to grater efficiency

 Technical Aspect  Integrated solid waste management facilities  New Facilities with appropriate technology - Transfer Station - Thermal Treatment Plant - Composting Plant - Sanitary Landfill Con’t…

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (ZERO EMISSION) Solid waste management facilities Persekitaran Kita Kitarsemula Sisa & Tenaga Bahan Binaan Kitarsemula Slag Bahan Tidak Terbakar atau Buang Ke Tapak Pelupusan Pengurusan sisa pepejal yang baik memerlukan pendekatan yang bersepadu.

Con’t…  Public Participation  Lack of public awareness in solid waste management.  Require full attention  A key to success in waste minimization and solid waste management.

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