7th Grade Social Studies Cantrell Types of Government 7th Grade Social Studies Cantrell

Compare & Contrast Various Forms of Government Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, and federal SS6 - CG1a, CG4a, CG6a SS7 – CG1a, CG4a, CG6a

Define the different types of governments (i. e Define the different types of governments (i.e., democracy, autocracy, oligarchy, monarchy, dictatorship, and so on). SS GPS

Terms to Know! Distribution of Power: Citizen Participation: Unitary Confederation Federal Citizen Participation: Autocratic Oligarchic Democratic Democracies: Parliamentary Democracy Presidential Democracy Anarchy Communist Capitalist Dictatorship Monarchy Theocracy

Interactive Notebook Question Using the Words to Know! Terms as a guide: Which form of government(s) do YOU think we have in the U.S.?

Two Main Questions for Government… How does the Government distribute power? How do the citizens participate in government?

Describe the ways governments distribute power Unitary- a form of government in which power is held by one central authority. Confederation-voluntary associations of independent states to secure some common purpose or defense. Federal-a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities.

Unitary All power is held by the central government. This central government may delegate (or transfer) some duties to smaller political units like cities but it retains final power over all decisions. Examples: Israel, Japan, South Korea, and Kenya

Confederation A loose alliance of countries or other political units like states. Each unit has final control of its own laws and citizens. Confederations can be unstable because members often want to do things their own way! Examples: African Union & European Union

Federal Divide power between the central government and the governments of smaller political units such as states. Most federal systems give a lot of power to the lower governments to handle local affairs. The central government handles issues that concern the entire country, such as the military or negotiating treaties with foreign countries. Examples: The U.S., Canada, Mexico.

List of countries with Federal Governments (24) Australia Brazil Ethiopia India Malaysia Mexico Nigeria Pakistan South Africa United Arab Emirates United States of America Countries in Transition to Federalism Iraq Sudan Countries Considering a Federal System Sri Lanka Information site- http://www.forumfed.org/en/federalism/by_country/index.php

Citizen participation in government Autocratic or Dictatorship government in which one person possesses unlimited power and the citizen has little or no role in the government. Oligarchic-Government by the elite few. Sometimes a government in which a small group control especially for corrupt or selfish purposes. The citizen has very limited role. Democratic-Government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly.

Citizen Participation in Government This explains how citizens in a country are allowed to participate in how the government works and is chosen. Within an Autocratic Government the citizen has little to no choices, within an Oligarchic Government the citizen has very few choices, and within a Democratic Government the citizen may have quite a few choices. AUTOCRATIC, OLIGARCHIC, OR DEMOCRATIC Which one is the Israel? Iran? Iraq? Saudi Arabia?

Democracy In a democracy, the government is elected by the people. Everyone who is eligible to vote has a chance to have their say in who runs the country. It is distinct from governments controlled by a particular social class or group (aristocracy; oligarchy) or by a single person (despotism; dictatorship; monarchy). A democracy is determined either directly or through elected representatives.

Parliamentary Democracy Example: Israel A parliamentary system is led by representatives of the people. Each is chosen as a member of a political party and remains in power as long as their party remains. The members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister.

Presidential Democracy A system of government in which the president is constitutionally independent of the legislature. Usually elected directly by citizens.

Interactive Notebook Question (Left Side) Draw a Venn Diagram listing the similarities and differences between a Presidential Democracy and a Parliamentary Democracy.

Ticket-OUT-The-Door-1 In regular 7th grade language, what is the difference between a Parliamentary Democracy and a Presidential Democracy? (Include the leaders and how they are chosen).

Anarchy Anarchy is a situation where there is no government. This can happen after a civil war in a country, when a government has been destroyed and rival groups are fighting to take its place. Example: Egypt

Communist A system of government in which the state plans and controls the economy and has only ONE political party; There are no citizens that own private property or businesses and all goods are equally shared by the people (i.e., a classless society).

Dictatorship A country ruled by a single leader. The leader has not been elected and may use force to keep control. In a military dictatorship, the army is in control. Example: North Korea

Federal Republic A country in which the powers of the central government are restricted and in which the states or colonies retain a degree of self-government; ultimate power rests with the voters who chose their representatives. Examples: India, Russia, United States. Georgia Alabama United States Florida

Monarchy A monarchy usually has a king, queen, emperor or empress. The ruling position can be passed on to the ruler’s heirs. In some traditional monarchies, the monarch has absolute power. Example: Saudi Arabia

Constitutional Monarchy Most constitutional monarchies have a parliamentary system (Australia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Japan, Thailand, United Kingdom) in which the monarch is the head of state, but an elected or appointed prime minister is head of government.

Republic Example: USA A republic is led by representatives of the voters. Each is individually chosen for a set period of time.

Theocracy Example: Iran A form of government where the rulers claim to be ruling on behalf of a set of religious ideas, or as a direct agent of god; a government subject to religious authority.

Think-N-Ink (On your own paper, remember your heading!) Working with your partner, decide which forms of government would fit the following situations (4 total): A religious group overthrows the government. They create a new government that claims their right to authority comes from God.

2. After a civil war, an individual takes total control of the government; she has no experience in leading a government. She disbands the national congress and retains all power in government to herself. 3.The new President elect wins the election by a landslide. Over 90% of the citizens vote for the new leader.

4. The new Prime Minister wins election narrowly due to his political party barely gaining enough seats in Parliament.

Summarizing Activity Citizen Participation (Autocratic, Oligarchic, or Democratic) One the left side of your INB write which type of Citizen Participation is described: 1. A small group of people control the government. Usually they do not offer many choices during an election.  2. One person controls the government. Elections may or may not take place however that one person maintains control regardless of the election result. 3. A _____ has a king or queen, who sometimes has absolute power. Power is passed along through the family 4. A _______ system is led by representatives of the people. Each is chosen as a member of a political party and remains in power as long as his/her party does

Summarizing Activity How Governments Distribute Power (Unitary, Confederation, Federal) 1. a form of government in which power is held by one central authority. 2. a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities. 3. voluntary associations of independent states that, to secure some common purpose, agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action and establish some joint machinery of consultation or deliberation. 4. Country “A” has a national capital and several smaller regional provinces, the national capital and provinces share power.

Resources Georgia Department of Education. Types of government Worksheets for Unit 2. 06/30/2007. Grade Seven GPS. Georgia Department of Education. September 2, 2008.