Unit 1 : Science Processes 1.0 Science Process Skills: A collection of thinking skills which help scientists solve problems.

1.1 Observing: Using your five senses. A. Sight B. Smell C. Taste D. Touch E. Hearing -Observations must be free from any inferences. Example: Only record what you see, not what you think you see.

1.2 Communicating: To give and receive information. Describes only what is observed. Ways of Communicating… A. Speech B. Writing C. Pictures D. Graphs E. Maps

1.3 Comparing: (Objects or Events) – A. Similarities Example: An apple is a fruit. An orange is a fruit. – B. Differences Example: An apple is ______________. An orange is _____________.

1.4 Organizing: Grouping information by ordering or classifying. – Ordering (in a line) Alphabetical……. A-Z Height…………….. Small- Tall Age………………….Young to Old

– Classifying (in a group) Hair Color……. Brown, Black, Blond, Red Eye Color…….. Blue, Brown, Hazel/Green Sex……………… Boys, Girls

Science Vocabulary 1.5 Science: The search for answers to questions about nature. 1.6 Logy: (a suffix) The study of…. 1.7 Biology: The study of life. 1.8 Botany: The study of plants. 1.9 Zoology: The study of animals Organism: Any living thing.

1.11 Microbiology: The study of organisms under the microscope Environment: The surroundings in which an organism lives.

1.13 Anatomy: The study of body’s parts. (heart, stomach) 1.14 Physiology: The study of the functions of the body. (how stomach digests food)

1.15 Applied Science: Investigating things that would be of value to human race….a cure for cancer Pure Science: Investigating things out of curiosity…going to Mars.

1.17 Scientific Method: The steps scientist use when solving a problem. 1. Purpose: State the problem. 2. Hypothesis: Make a guess based on your past experience or research. 3. Experiment: Develop a procedure to test the hypothesis. 4. Analysis: Record the results of the experiment. 5. Conclusion: Compare hypothesis to the results.

Scientific Method Example: 1.Purpose: What will stop the milk from turning sour? 2.Hypothesis: Refrigeration will stop the milk from souring. 3.Experiment: Place 1 cup milk on counter (control) Place 1 cup milk in fridge (variable) Wait 24 hours and Compare milk by tasting 4. Analysis/Data: Milk on counter….. Turned sour Milk in fridge………Didn’t sour 5. Conclusion: Since milk in the fridge didn’t sour the hypothesis was confirmed.

Another Example: 1.Purpose: What makes bread rise? 2.Hypothesis: __________________________ 3.Experiment: Control-___________________ Variable-__________________ 4.Analysis/Data: 5. Conclusion:

Another Example: 1.Purpose: What makes bread rise? 2.Hypothesis: Yeast makes it rise. 3.Experiment: Control- Make bread with yeast Variable- Make bread without yeast 4.Analysis/Data: Bread with yeast…rises Bread without yeast…doesn’t rise 5. Conclusion: Since the variable did not rise, yeast must make bread rise. Hypothesis is confirmed.

Measurement 1.18 Metric Mass and Weight = gram smallest to largest… milligramgramkilogram 1.19 Weight = a measurement of the pull of gravity on an object Mass = the amount of matter an object contains.

Example: Jose is 12 years old and lives in San Diego. WeightMass Jose on earth60 kg60kg Jose in outer space 0kg 60kg Jose on the moon10 kg60 kg

1.21 Metric Length and Distance = the meter Shortest to Longest… millimetercentimeterkilometer 1/1000 1/ X

1.22 Volume = the amount of space an object takes up Measuring volume of a liquid = liter. smallest to largest… millilitersliterkiloliter

1.24 Temperature = Celsius / Fahrenheit 212°F or 100°CB Boiling point of water 32°F or 0°CF Freezing point of water