1 Ideas for Future Research Anirudha Joshi Industrial Design Centre, IIT Bombay February 2013

2 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering

3 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts

4 4

5 Source: An Installation in IDC

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7

8 Source: Anshuman Kumar

Task Success /5 Users 9 Without help p (one tailed) Nokia (0.208) Samsung (0.195) Sony (0.001) Total p (one tailed) Nokia (0.000) Samsung (0.010) Sony (0.000)

Swarachakra  Logically structured (based on the structure of the script)  All consonants visible  Wheel with vowel modifiers pops up around the consonants 10

Swarachakra 11

Three Designs – Disha  Also completely logical  Consonants displayed in groups –Most frequent character in the centre, accessed on tap –Other characters need a slide  Finger input possible – large area for each button 12

Swarachakra 13

 Independent variables –Age –Mobile phone experience –Education –Writing skills –Reading skills –Confidence of mobile phone task  First time usability test –19 words graded on difficulty –Speed, errors, confidence  Longitudinal test –10 short paragraphs typed over a period of 2 weeks in 10 sessions –Speed, errors, confidence Evaluations 14

Results – Longitudinal Test: Speed 15

Results – Longitudinal Test: Errors 16

Results – Longitudinal Test: Confidence 17

18 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education –Appropriate user models for emerging economies –Audio-visual interfaces –Voice-based socialisation on phones

Evaluating Anonymous Social Networking for HIV Patients with Social Prototypes 19

20 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education –Appropriate user models for emerging economies –Audio-visual interfaces –Voice-based socialisation on phones –Way-finding and navigation

Way-finding Through Audio-Visual Interfaces  Can landmark-based navigation work for users with lower levels of education?  Two Audio-Visual Interfaces –Traditional map-based navigation with voice support –Landmark-based navigation with voice and picture support 21

22 Traditional Map-based Navigation 22

23 Landmark-based Navigation

Results India HCI Traditional Map-based Navigation Landmark-based Navigation No. of users10 No. of users reached79 Avg. success score Avg. time taken18.5 minutes19.7 minutes Avg. error1.88 per route0.88 per route SUS score

25 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education –Appropriate user models for emerging economies –Audio-visual interfaces –Voice-based socialisation on phones –Way-finding and navigation –Usable security

Security Usable by Less Educated Users 26

27 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education –Appropriate user models for emerging economies –Audio-visual interfaces –Voice-based socialisation on phones –Way-finding and navigation –Usable security Teaching Indic scripts to children

Toy for teaching Devanagari 1. Home-based Sitting-position Single/Multi player

CONCEPT 1 29 The child places the same alphabet again ( चिड़िया ).

CONCEPT 2 30 Lot of fishes come with the word मछ्ली.

Toy for teaching Devanagari

35 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education –Appropriate user models for emerging economies –Audio-visual interfaces –Voice-based socialisation on phones –Way-finding and navigation –Usable security Teaching Indic scripts to children Localisation

36 अनलॉककुलुप काढा कळफलक सक्रीयकुलुप काढले जाशॉर्टकट विकल्पपर्याय जतन कराजमा करा पुसाखोडा संदेशनिरोप कॉलफोन करा मागेबाहेर समाप्तबंद करा कॉल होत आहे निखिलनिखिल ला फोन होत आहे ध्व. क्षे. स्पीकर कॉल सारांश ३ : २०तुम्ही ३ मिनीटे २० सेकंद बोललात निखिल कॉल चालूनिखिल यांचा फोन आला आहे उत्तरफोन घ्या मौनआवाज थांबवा संपर्कडायरी नोंदआल्यागेल्या फोनच्या नोंदी सेटींगव्यवस्था तपशिलमाहिती बघा संपर्कात नवीन भरनवीन नंबर लिहा संपर्क संपादननंबर बदला संपर्क काढून टाकानंबर काढून टाका संपर्क शोधानंबर शोधा संपर्क हलवानंबर हलवा नवीन संपर्कनवीन नंबर प्रथम नामनाव आडनाव फोनक्रमांकफोन नंबर पुढीलपुढे जतनडायरीत जमा करा रद्द कराकॅसल संपर्क फोन मेमरीत जतननंबर डायरीत लिहीला कॉल कराफोन करा सुटलेला कॉलसुटलेला फोन सूचीपहा

 Simplify, un-sanskritise text – कळफलक सक्रीय  कुलुप काढले, विकल्प  पर्याय  Use explicit noun-verbs –Call (make call) = कॉल  फोन करा  Cool commands, metaphors are lost in translations –Go (where?) = जा  शॉर्टकट –Answer = उत्तर  फोन घ्या –Register = नोंद  आल्यागेल्या फोनच्या नोंदी  Don’t use English words where you don’t need them – अनलॉक  कुलुप काढा  Use English words where you need them –Loudspeaker = ध्व. क्षे.  स्पीकर –Contacts = संपर्क  डायरी, Edit number = संपर्क संपादन  नंबर बदला  Get the grammar right (sequence matters) –“ कॉल होत आहे निखिल ”  “ निखिल ला फोन होत आहे ” Principles of Good Localisation 37

Localisation 38

39 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education –Appropriate user models for emerging economies –Audio-visual interfaces –Voice-based socialisation on phones –Way-finding and navigation –Usable security Teaching Indic scripts to children Localisation HCI+SE process integration Goals for specific contexts –Industrial, commercial, social Software ethnography

activities that contribute to Relative contribution of HCI activities to usability goals achievement validates HCI Activities Framework is compared to Index of Integration Usability Goals Setting Tool followsresults in has helps set evaluates the design against Correlation evaluates fidelity Process models integrating HCI activities with SE Waterfall Agile RUP informs integration with Contributions 1/3 important goals are not achieved 8 “latent” goals Validated by comparing with traditional UEs Product vs. Services Usability Goals Achievement Metric Agile vs. Waterfall

41 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education –Appropriate user models for emerging economies –Audio-visual interfaces –Voice-based socialisation on phones –Way-finding and navigation –Usable security Teaching Indic scripts to children Localisation HCI+SE process integration Goals for specific contexts –Industrial, commercial, social Software ethnography