CHEM SOL REVIEW DAY 4 SOL S 1 & 5

S CIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS A ___________________ is an explanation that might be true and can be tested. Hypothesis The factor that is changed in the experimental group is the _____ variable. It is plotted on the x-axis. Independent

S CIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS What you measure in an experiment is called the ________________ variable. It is plotted on the y-axis. Dependent Name 3 good safety rules for a Chemistry lab.

UNIT 1 – S CIENTIFIC M EASUREMENT Write the following numbers in scientific notation. 52, x x 10 -2

UNIT 1 – S CIENTIFIC M EASUREMENT The measure of how close a measurement is to what it should be is called the ____ Accuracy The repeatability of a measurement is called ____ Precision

UNIT 1 – S CIENTIFIC M EASUREMENT Which of the following is both accurate and precise?

UNIT 1 – S CIENTIFIC M EASUREMENT I conduct an experiment and measure the mass of a substance as 7.31 g. The accepted value is 7.5 g. What is the percent error? ( ) / 7.5 x %

2009 SOL Q UESTION A student determined that the density of a sample of tin is 8.00 g/mL, when the actual density is 7.28 g/mL. What is the percent error? F 0.72% G 9.0% H 9.9% J 91%

UNIT 1 – S CIENTIFIC M EASUREMENT How many significant figures are in each of the following numbers? , x 10 4

2009 SOL QUESTION A compound has a mass of x 10 2 g/mol. The number of sig figs in this mass is – F 2 G 4 H 5 J 7

UNIT 1 – S CIENTIFIC M EASUREMENT When measuring volume with a graduated cylinder, be sure to measure at the bottom of the ________________ Meniscus When measuring temperature, do not allow the thermometer to touch the _______________ of a beaker or other container. Bottom or sides Mass is typically measured in _________ Grams

UNIT 11 - S OLUTIONS Label this graph

UNIT 11 - S OLUTIONS Label the phases in the phase diagram below.

UNIT 11 - S OLUTIONS Label the triple point in the phase diagram below. Critical point

UNIT 11 - S OLUTIONS Label the normal melting point in the phase diagram below. Normal boiling point

2009 SOL QUESTION When 1 g of NaCl is placed in 100g of water, a solution results. Once the solution is prepared, water is now considered what part of the solution? F Solute G Solvent

UNIT 13 – E VERYTHING E LSE Vaporization is an _____ process. Endothermic Freezing is an ______process. Exothermic Heat (q) is the ________ of energy between objects at different temperatures. Transfer

UNIT 13 – E VERYTHING E LSE Heat is an ________ property --- it depends on the amount of the substance present. Extensive The total energy content of a sample is called its __________. Enthalpy

UNIT 13 – E VERYTHING E LSE What kind of reaction is shown in the graph below?

UNIT 13 – E VERYTHING E LSE The measure of disorder or randomness in a system is called the ______________________. Entropy A catalyst is a substance that speeds up the reaction by ___ the activation energy. Lowering Increasing the temperature, concentration, pressure, or surface area of a substance will ______ the reaction rate. Increase

UNIT 13 – E VERYTHING E LSE Label this graph A C B D

UNIT 13 – E VERYTHING E LSE When the forward and reverse reactions happen at the same rate, it is called ___ Chemical equilibrium Give an example of a completion reaction. Le Chatelier’s principle states that when a system is at equilibrium is disturbed, the system adjusts in a way to ______________ the change. Reduce

UNIT 13 – E VERYTHING E LSE Increasing the concentration of the reactants will make the ______ reaction faster than the reverse. Forward This is called a shift __________. Right An oxidation reaction is one in which electrons are __________. Lost

UNIT 13 – E VERYTHING E LSE Assign oxidation numbers to each element in each of the following. K+K+ 1+ O2O2 0 CaH 2 Ca = 2+, H =1- NH 4 - H = 1+, N = 5-