Bell Ringer! 1) Write down ALL of the MAJOR HISTORICAL EVENTS you remember from your lifetime 2) Which one impacted you the most?

Modern America

Essential Understanding  Since the END of the Cold War, it has been common for the United States to get INVOLVED IN CONFLICTS around the world

Post-Cold War Goals/Policies 1. FOREIGN AID 2. HUMANITARIAN AID 3. Support HUMAN RIGHTS

George H.W. Bush ( )  FALL OF COMMUNISM in Eastern Europe  REUNIFICATION of Germany (1990)  Collapse of YUGOSLAVIA  CONFLICT between ethnic/ religious groups  BREAKUP of the Soviet state  15 new countries

 Persian Gulf War ( )  “LIMITED military operation to drive Iraqi forces out of Kuwait”  Saddam Hussein, IRAQ INVADED KUWAIT (wanted Kuwait’s OIL)  “Operation DESERT STORM” = air strikes launched on Iraqi forces

 FIRST war where American WOMEN served in a COMBAT role

William J. Clinton ( )  North American FREE TRADE AGREEMENT (NAFTA)  Full DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS with VIETNAM  LIFTED economic SANCTIONS against SOUTH AFRICA (after government ended policy of apartheid)  NATO action in former YUGOSLAVIA

George W. Bush ( )  TERRORIST ATTACKS on United States soil (9/11/2001)  War in AFGHANISTAN  War in IRAQ

The Supreme Court  MEMBERSHIP of the Supreme Court has included WOMEN and MINORITIES:  Sandra Day O’CONNOR  Ruth Bader GINSBURG  Clarence THOMAS  Sonia SOTOMAYOR

Supreme Court Today  Protects INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS laid out in the Constitution  Identified constitutional basis for “RIGHT TO PRIVACY” that is protected from government interference  INVALIDATES laws & presidential actions that EXCEED AUTHORITY granted by the Constitution to Congress or the president

Women in the Work Force  Increased participation of women in the workforce  Increasingly large % of labor force  Many working mothers  Non-traditional jobs  Issues of working women  Need for affordable day-care  Equitable pay  “Pink collar ghetto” = low prestige, low-paying jobs  “Glass ceiling”

Immigration  New immigration to the U.S. has been occurring from many countries, including ASIAN & LATIN AMERICAN countries

 Reasons for immigration:  Political FREEDOM  Economic OPPORTUNITY  Contributions of immigrants  DIVERSITY in music, the arts, literature  Role in LABOR FORCE  Expanded source of SCIENTISTS and ENGINEERS

 Issues related to immigration policy  STRAIN on government services  Filling LOW-PAYING JOBS in U.S.  BORDER issues  CITIZENSHIP  BILINGUAL education  Increasing cultural DIVERSITY

Scientific & Technological Advances  Space race  JFK pledged support for American space program  JOHN GLENN  first American to orbit Earth  NEIL ARMSTRONG  first man on the moon  SALLY RIDE  first U.S. female astronaut

 Examples of technological advances over last 30 years:  CABLE TV / 24-hour news  PERSONAL COMPUTERS  CELL PHONES  INTERNET (World Wide Web)

 Changes in work/school/health care :  TELECOMMUTING  DISTANCE learning  Growth in SERVICE INDUSTRIES  Breakthroughs in medical research  Dr. Jonas Salk developed VACCINE FOR POLIO  OUTSOURCING and OFF-SHORING

“Reagan Revolution”  CONSERVATIVE political philosophy of President Reagan prompted RE- EVALUATION of SIZE/ROLE of government in economy and society

 President Reagan wanted…  TAX CUTS  More responsibility for state governments  Judges who used “JUDICIAL RESTRAINT”  FEWER government programs/regulations  Stronger MILITARY

The “Feds” and the Economy  GOVERNMENT promotes a healthy economy  Full employment + low inflation = HEALTHY ECONOMY  FEDERAL RESERVE: controls supply of money and credit  PRESIDENT/CONGRESS : controls government spending and taxation

U.S. and Terrorism  Heightened SECURITY at home  PATRIOT ACT  Creation of the Department of HOMELAND SECURITY  DIPLOMATIC and MILITARY initiatives

Case Study: Afghanistan  Why are we doing a “case study”?  Great practice for senior-year/college level work  History affects current events  Ms. O’Malley thinks it’s cool  Ms. O’Malley thinks it’s cool

Afghanistan: How We Got There

Stinger Missiles: The Basics

Soviet commander: U.S. faces similar fate

Johnson looks back at 1980 Olympic boycott