Unit 7, Week 2 *The Week of the Venn Diagram  USHAP Unit 7, Week 2 *The Week of the Venn Diagram 

Monday 2/4 Agenda Reminders Finish problem solving activity Discuss social controls New Immigrants Reminders Test Review, Friday at lunch 2/8 Test Monday 2/11

Problem-Solving Activity For each problem on the next few slides, say which choice you think is best and then explain why.

Scenario #1 The majority of workers live in tenement houses that are falling apart and overcrowded. Because they are made mostly of wood and built right next to each other without any fire escapes, they would be very dangerous for people if a fire started. Lack of adequate plumbing has led to there being a lot of sewage on the streets. These buildings provide housing for people who have no where else to live. If the housing were nicer then the new immigrants couldn’t afford it and they would be homeless. A law should be passed that requires the city to collect trash weekly and also to require buildings to have a fire escape. Also, money should be spent on roads and trolleys so it is easy to work in the city but live somewhere else. This will keep the city from getting overcrowded. Workers should be given a larger share of the profits made by the companies where they work. No business owner should be able to make more than 20 times as much money as his lowest paid employee.

Scenario #2 Democracy is no longer working well in local governments because of the political machines. Elected officials are taking bribes from businesses to make laws that favor those businesses. Also, people can only be hired for government positions like mail carrier or teacher if they pay a bribe. Lastly, elected officials are using tax money to pay ridiculously high prices for building and contract work that is all being done by their friends. Sometimes this leads to a kick-back where their friends let them keep some of the money “paid” for the job. Elect people into office who promise not to be corrupt and who will try and change the laws that allow corruption. Change how governments are run so that instead of electing a mayor, the governor appoints 5 people to run the city together. The appointment people are experts in their field – an engineer, a public safety office, a financial advisor, etc. Get rid of local government and instead have all meetings decided by the entire town in local town hall meetings.

Scenario #3 State and federal governments allow monopolies to control an entire industry. Once a monopoly exists in an industry they can charge consumers high prices, pay workers low wages and pollute the environment. Monopolies mass produce products wanted and used by society. By becoming so large they are able to offer more products to more people and employ more workers. Also, they have generated wealth and power that has made the United States into a world power. State governments should make laws that regulate businesses. These laws could include requirements for working conditions, limits on the pollution that a business can generate and making monopolies illegal. The state should take control of essential businesses, like railroads, electricity, and oil because these items are all necessary for people to eat, live in warm houses and transport themselves and goods. Since no one would choose to live without electricity it defies the rules of supply and demand, meaning an electric company that was a monopoly could charge whatever they wanted and people would still pay. For this reason, it should be run by the government and equally distributed to all people for a reasonable price.

Scenario #4 80% of African-Americans live in the South in 1900 as tenant farmers under Jim Crow laws that segregate their daily life, voting restrictions that deprive them of their right to vote and the Ku Klux Klan that terrorize anyone who tries to fight for a better life. This problem is not a Federal issue, but a state and local issue. If you think the people themselves should fix it, describe what the people can do themselves without relying on the government. This is the Federal Government’s responsibility If you think government should fix it, what steps can the government take to enforce the laws and amendments that have been passed? This problem is too big for our political system, change the system! If you think we need to change the system, what other political systems would work to address the problems of segregation and racism in American society?

Options Laissez-Faire, Conservative, Captain of Industry, Big Business Progressive, Liberal, Big Government Radical, Socialist

POV: Big Government vs. Big Business Approach to business Businesses will better serve the consumer if they follow regulations and requirements set by the government. Businesses can create jobs for workers and goods for consumers best when they don’t have to follow lots of government rules. (Laissez-faire policies) What makes the US great? Equality: The government protecting everyone’s public welfare Liberty: The freedom to pursue your dreams and be free from government control What they were called in 1900 Progressives Captains of Industry What they are called today Democrats Republicans

Match the problem caused by political machines with the Progressives’ solutions. Problems caused by Political Machines Progressive reforms for Government A. Political parties kept average people from choosing the candidate. B. Immigrants voted for political bosses in return for the favors that the boss had done for them. C. Government officials were paid off to ignore illegal activities like gambling or drinking. D. Corporations bribed political parties to get their favorite candidate into office. E. Politicians gave jobs to their friends and government contracts to their friends’ businesses without allowing other companies to compete for the contract. F. Voter fraud included people voting more than once in different voting stations. 1.Secret ballots and private voting booths 2.Voters select their candidates in a primary rather than have political parties select the candidates. 3.Recalls allow voters to remove a corrupt or disliked elected official if enough people sign a petition to create a special election. 4.Initiatives allow people to propose their own laws to be voted on by people on the election day ballot. 5.Pendleton Act sets up guidelines for hiring government workers (“civil servants”) so that jobs would be given based on merit.

Problems caused by Political Machines Progressive reforms for Government A. Political parties kept average people from choosing the candidate. B. Immigrants voted for political bosses in return for the favors that the boss had done for them. C. Government officials were paid off to ignore illegal activities like gambling or drinking. D. Corporations bribed political parties to get their favorite candidate into office. E. Politicians gave jobs to their friends and government contracts to their friends’ businesses without allowing other companies to compete for the contract. F. Voter fraud included people voting more than once in different voting stations. 1.Secret ballots and private voting booths – A and/or F 2.Voters select their candidates in a primary rather than have political parties select the candidates. – A and/or D 3.Recalls allow voters to remove a corrupt or disliked elected official if enough people sign a petition to create a special election. A, B, C, D, E and/or F 4.Initiatives allow people to propose their own laws to be voted on by people on the election day ballot. D and/or E 5.Pendleton Act sets up guidelines for hiring government workers (“civil servants”) so that jobs would be given based on merit. B, C and/or E

Social Control and Its Limits Why did the prohibitionists focus on alcohol as the preeminent social evil? Identify the ways the Progressives addressed the ideals of social justice. Leisure time? Education?

U.S. Immigration: 1820-1995

New Immigrants: pgs 736-741 Push Factors Pull Factors Transportation Immigration Station Experience Life in America Living Conditions Employment Company Towns? Availability of union representation? Immigrant Aide Settlement House

Block Day 2/5 & 2/6 Agenda Reminders Fluency Fact Review Quiz Finish immigrant Venn diagram Women National Progressivism Progressive Presidents (if time) look over the last test Reminders Test Review, Friday at lunch 2/8 Test Monday 2/11

Review Quiz Synthesizer Frames Show Commonality: ___________ , _____________ , and _____________ all demonstrate ____________ in the ____________ period. Show Contrast: Although ______________ in the case of ____________, for the most part ______________ as seen in the ______________ and the _____________. Show Analysis: ______________, ________________, and ______________ all resulted from _______________ in the ____________________ period.

Women’s Movement Why was the birth control movement so important to female Progressives? What is “voluntary motherhood?”

POV Activity: Confronting Racism in the Progressive Era How should issues of race and racism be addressed in American society? How did WEB DuBois and Booker T Washington feel about racism and accommodation? Which perspective do you agree most with and why?

Progressive Presidents: Domestic Policy Political reforms Economic reforms Social reforms Pgs 748-754 Roosevelt Taft Wilson

Square Deal- big business reform   Teddy Roosevelt 1901-1908 William Taft 1908-1912 Woodrow Wilson 1912-1921 Similarities Political Reforms Square Deal- big business reform Wanted to limit the power of big corporations Lawsuits against trusts New Freedom: limited the power of trusts Clayton antitrust act- limit trusts even more, protected labor unions 19th Amendment- Suffrage Roosevelt supported Taft in the 1908 election. All presidents wanted to reform big business Roosevelt and Wilson sympathetic to women’s right to vote Economic Reforms Sherman Anti Trust Act Hepburn Act- The Fed. Gov. could set railroad rates (Interstate Commerce Commission) Arbitration for steel workers Low tariff platform in his campaign- however in 1909 he raised tariffs- upset Progressives Tariff Reform Created the Federal Trade Commission Federal Reserve (The Fed) 16th Amendment- income tax 17th Amendment- direct election Taft and Wilson wanted to reform the banking system Social Reforms Meat Inspection Act, Pure Food and Drug Act (FDA) US Forest Service- set aside land for national forests Added land to national forests, Children’s Bureau National wildlife refuge Keating-Owen Child Labor Act National Park Service 18th Amendment- Prohibition All three did not worry about racial tensions in the US. Taft and Wilson set up 8 hour workdays

The Election of 1912

Candidates Roosevelt: Taft: Wilson Republican President 1901-1908 Wanted Republican nomination, failed to get it, created Progressive “Bull Moose” party Taft: Incumbent Republican President 1908-1912 Wilson Democrat

And…Eugene Debs- Socialist

Wilson Roosevelt Debs Taft Modern Example: Wilson Roosevelt Debs Taft

Results

Thursday 2/7 Agenda Reminders Finish Domestic Policy WWI Foreign Policy Reminders Test Review, Friday at lunch 2/8 Test Monday 2/11

Progressive Presidents: Domestic Policy Political reforms Economic reforms Social reforms Pgs 748-754 Roosevelt Taft Wilson

WWI The Century: America’s Time 1914-1919 Shell Shock Part 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hxZMwv5vqAc&feature=related Part 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MxV9aXA9EJM&feature=related Part 3: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqVD00bonxc&feature=related

Friday 2/8 Agenda Reminders WWI Foreign Policy Test Review, Friday at lunch 2/8 Test Monday 2/11

WWI The Century: America’s Time 1914-1919 Shell Shock Part 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hxZMwv5vqAc&feature=related Part 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MxV9aXA9EJM&feature=related Part 3: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqVD00bonxc&feature=related

Progressive Presidents: Foreign Policy Global Conflicts Form of “Diplomacy” Successes & Failures?