Cancer Group #2

Table of Contents Slide 1-What is the disease? Slide 2-What causes the disease? Slide 3-Who’s at Risk? Slide 4-What are the symptoms? Slide 5-How is the disease treated? Slide 6-How can the disease be prevented? Slide 7-Statistics Slide 8-Fast Facts Slide 9-Reference Cited Slide 10-Quiz: Questions and Answers

What is it? “Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cells display uncontrolled growth (division beyond the normal limits), invasion (intrusion and destruction of adjacent tissues), and sometimes metastasis (spread to other locations in the body via lymph or blood).” It is a non-infections chronic disease.

What Causes the Disease? Cancer is caused when the genetic material in cells is mutated and transformed. These abnormalities cause the cells to reproduce and grow without bound. Cells can be damaged by a number of things. Tobacco Smoke Radiation Chemicals Infectious Agents

Who’s at Risk? Theoretically, anyone can be at risk but those whose family have had a history of cancer are generally more susceptible to the disease. Additionally, high exposure to genetically-mutating material (such as tobacco smoke) can increase the risk.

What are the Symptoms? Lung Cancer Chest Pain Shortness of Breath Drowsiness Weight Loss Coughing up Blood Colon Cancer Diarrhea Red or Dark Blood in Stool Constipation Cramps Bloating ancer/Colon-Cancer.htm Skin Cancer A Hard Red Lump Rough patches of Skin Flat Scaly Areas on Skin Un-healing Soars Suspicious Growths There are different symptoms for the different kinds of cancers that can occur in the body. Prostate Cancer Weak Urine Stream Blood in Urine Pelvic Pain Back Pain Frequent Urination

How is Cancer Treated? There are four major types of treatment for cancer Surgery- An attempt to remove the cancerous tumor Radiation- Radiation therapy uses high-energy particles or waves, such as x-rays, gamma rays, electron beams, or protons to destroy or damage cancer cells. Chemotherapy- Chemo is a drug that destroys cancerous cells. It also destroys healthy cells. It can be given as a pill or shot. Can be used after surgery or during radiation. Biological Therapies- Biological therapy is a type of treatment that works with your immune system. It can help fight cancer or help control side effects from other cancer treatments like chemotherapy.

How Can Cancer be Prevented? Primary Prevention Reduce exposure to carcinogens in the human environment. A carcinogen is a substance that causes cancer, such as: Tobacco smoke Radiation Chemicals Infectious Agents Secondary Prevention Go to your doctor on a regular basis to be checked for any cancerous symptoms or signs. Example: Having a body check for cancerous moles/ warts/ freckles. Tertiary Prevention Go through the treatment steps of cancer which will involve some of these specific treatments: Radiation Chemotherapy Surgery Biological Therapy

Fast Facts More than 10 million Americans are currently living with, through or beyond cancer. More than 1.4 million people in the U.S. will be diagnosed with cancer this year. In 2006, it is expected that 565,650 Americans will die of cancer, more than 1,500 people a day. Of adults diagnoses with cancer today, 64% will be living five years from now. One in three people will be diagnoses with cancer during their lifetime. Three in four families will care for a family member with cancer. The National Institutes of Health estimate overall costs for cancer in 2008 at $219.2 billion.

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Review What type of disease is cancer? Non-infectious, chronic disease. How does cancer spread through out the body? Through the process of metastasis. What are four types of cancer treatments? Radiation, Chemotherapy, Surgery, and Biological Therapy. How many people in the US have cancer? 10 Million People What are the three steps of preventing cancer? Staying away from cancer inducing agents, get checked for cancer on a regular basis, go through cancer treatments.