Most important Geographers/Theories Be able to match the person to their theory/model Be able to recognize/classify the theory/model Nature/Perspectives Sauer Ratzel Koppen THEORIES/CONCEPTS > environmental determinism Possiblism, Climate classification system DEV/RESOURCES Rostow Wallerstein Theories/CONCEPTS > Stages of eco growth, world systems theory Pop/Migration Boserup Malthus Ravenstein Thompson Zelinsky THEORIES/CONCEPTS > Gravity model-migration push & pull factors, population & food supply issues rural to urban migration, Ties b/t population growth & economic growth, Demographic Transition Culture > Language diffusion (military vs agriculture… M. Gimbutas (p C. Renfrew (p )

Name the model or theory KoppenClimate classifications

Name the model or theory Norman Borlaug RIP, 2009  Green Revolution

Name the model or theory Esther BoserupPopulation and economic growth theory Not the worry wart regarding population

Name the model or theory ERNST BURGESSCONCENTRIC ZONE MODEL OF URBAN GROWTH Burgess and Urban = BURban

Name the model or theory CHRISTALLERCENTRAL PLACE THEORY OF URBAN/SERVICES DEVELOPMENT

Name the model or theory HARRIS & ULLMANMULTIPLE NUCLEI MODEL OF URBAN GROWTH Multiple names = multiple nuclei

Name the model or theory HOMER HOYTSECTOR MODEL OF URBAN GROWTH Homer / sector

Name the model or theory Alfred MahanSea power theory of political growth

Name the model or theory Thomas MalthusTheory of overpopulation

Name the model or theory HALFORD MAKINDER HEARTLAND THEORY OF POLITICAL POWER MaKINDer is kind HEARTed

Name the model or theory PETER MULLERSUBURBANIZATION + TRANSPORTATION ANALYSIS IN URBAN REGIONS Muller = Mules TRANSPORT

Name the model or theory FRIEDRICH RATZELORGANIC THEORY OF STATE GROWTH + ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINISM - Natural surroundings rule human action A RAT is ORGANIC/alive RATs live in the environment

Name the model or theory Ernst RavensteinGravity model of migration + Laws of Migration RAVENS fly/ MIGRATE

Name the model or theory Collin RenfrewLanguage diffusion by agricultural means CoLLin/Language…..

Name the model or theory Walter RostowStages of economic growth/development Be able to name the stages w/country examples RostOW = economic grOWth

Name the model or theory Carl SauerPossibilism Humans can alter their environment ??

Name the model or theory Nicholas SpykemanHe who controls the Rimland, controls the world – political systems theory SPYKE the RIM

Name the model or theory Taylor and LangWorld Cities Model tAyLor / LAng L.A. is a world city

Name the model or theory VON THUNENAGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES IN AN ISOLATED STATE SURROUND A MARKET ZONE THAT IS CIRCULAR Not Burgess, but look the same.

Name the model or theory Immanuel WallersteinWorld Systems Theory Wallerstein = World

Name the model or theory Alfred WeberLeast Cost theory and Industrial location theory Cheap guy/theory

Name the model or theory Warren ThompsonDemographic Transition Holds that slowing population growth is attributable to –improved economic production –and higher standards of living brought about by changes in medicine, education and sanitation. Overcrowding is a reflection of the Carrying Capacity and not the numbers per unit area. (Carrying Capacity is the # of people an area can support on a sustained basis given the prevailing technology.)

Name the model or theory John BorchertUrbanization: American Epochs Five distinct periods in the history of American urbanization. Each epoch is characterized by the impact of a particular transport technology on the creation and differential rates of growth of American cities. AmericanurbanizationAmerican

Name the model or theory Joel GarreauEdge Cities/ Urbanization

Name the model or theory Harold HotellingIndustry – –Locational interdependence –Ice cream/starbucks theory

Name the model or theory August LoschIndustrialization – –Profit maximization –‘$$ make me happy’ guy

Most important Geographers/Theories Be able to match the person to their theory/model Be able to recognize/classify the theory/model Political Mahan Spykman Mackinder Ratzel Models/Theories/concepts Sea power Rimland theory Heartland theory Organic states AGRICULTURE Von Thunen Borlaug Boserup Christaller Renfrew Models/theories Agri in the isolated state Green Revolution Centers of Agri and diffusion of culture/language INDUSTRIALIZATION/ECO DEVELOPMENT Weber Rostow Wallerstein Thompson Borlaug (as related to development) Theories/CONCEPTS > Stages of eco growth, world systems theory Demographic Transition Least cost theory Green Revolution – links to development CITIES AND URBAN LAND USE Borchert, Burgess, Harris/Ullman Hotelling, Losch, Garreau, Christaller Hoyt, Muller THEORIES/CONCEPTS Concentric Zones Multiple Nuclei Central Place Theory Sector Model Suburbanization

Anatolian Hearth theory Correlation b/t source areas of 3 agricultural centers and 3 major languages Turkey/agriculture/food/language

Central Place TheorySpatial distribution of cities/service centers is a hexagon w/CP in the middle Chrystals…

Core-Periphery model World systems Places/regions can’t develop equally, somebody has to be poor!

Demographic Transition Model Birth and mortality rates are tied to stages of development

Demographic Transition Holds that slowing population growth is attributable to –improved economic production –and higher standards of living brought about by changes in medicine, education and sanitation. Overcrowding is a reflection of the Carrying Capacity and not the numbers per unit area. (Carrying Capacity is the # of people an area can support on a sustained basis given the prevailing technology.)

Dependency TheoryPoor country’s economy is tied to a rich country, usually it’s former colonizer Tied to Neo-colonialism

Gravity model of migration Relationship b/t volume of migration and distance from source & destination is inverse ‘Black Hole’ city

Heartland Theory Mackinder's Heartland (also known as the Pivot Area) is the core area of Eurasia, and the World-Island is all of Eurasia (both Europe and Asia). He who controls Europe, controls the world ‘Who rules East Europe commands the Heartland Who rules the Heartland commands the World-Island Who rules the World-Island commands the world’

Least Cost/Location Theory Minimizing transportation costs Cheap theory

Migration TheoryPush-Pull Forces impact choices FORCED VOLUNTARY IMPELLED CHAIN

Concentric Zone Model Burgess Focus on CBD importance b/c CBD is at the center of the model ????

Multiple Nuclei modelCBD is not as important, urban areas develop several CBDs

Sector modelBased on urban transportation routes and bid rent prices

World Systems Theory Development is applicable across scales – local to regional to global

Five distinct periods in the history of American urbanization. American urbanization Each epoch is characterized by the impact of a particular transport technology on the creation and differential rates of growth of American cities.American Urbanization: American Epochs

Edge Cities/ Urbanization

‘Where there is a Target, there is also a….’ Industry – –Locational interdependence –Ice cream/ starbucks theory

Industrialization – –Profit maximization –‘$$ make me happy’ guy