We Present
$200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $100 Disparities in Wealth and Development Disparities cont’d. Populations in transition Patterns in Environmental Quality Populations cont’d. $500
Define LEDCs and NIC
LEDC: Lower economically developed country NIC: Newly industrialized country Click Anywhere to Continue
Define the Human Development Index
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income indices to rank countries into four tiers of human development. Click Anywhere to Continue
Through which factors, apart from the HDI, can the development of a country be measured?
Infant mortality rate Gender related development index Gender empowerment measure Education Index Click Anywhere to Continue
What are the expectations in developing countries’ population growth?
1.9 billion in 2000 to 3.9 billion in 2030 Click Anywhere to Continue
How many people die every year because of hunger and hunger- related diseases?
Up to 10 million Click Anywhere to Continue
Define GNI
Gross National Income comprises the total value of goods and servicesproduced within a country (i.e. its Gross Domestic Product), together with its income received from other countries (notably interest and dividends), less similar payments made to other countries. Click Anywhere to Continue
What is the dependency theory ?
Countries become more dependent upon becoming more powerful; frequently happens to colonial powers as a result of interaction and “development” Click Anywhere to Continue
What is the World Systems Analysis ?
World Systems Analysis describes a way of looking at economic, social and political development. It treats the world as a single unit. Click Anywhere to Continue
What are the three main characteristics of the capitalist world system, according to Wallenstein
A global market Many countries, allowing for political and economic competition Three tiers of countries Click Anywhere to Continue
Which are the most intolerable urban housing conditions?
Insecurity of tenure Lack of basic services, especially water and sanitation Inadequate and sometimes unsafe buildings Overcrowding Location of fragile, dangerous or polluted land-land that no one else wants Click Anywhere to Continue
Define Crude Birth Rate and Migration
The crude birth rate is the number of births per 1,000 people per year. Migration describes the act of moving to another location permanently. Click Anywhere to Continue
What are causes of high birth rates ?
Parents want children For labor To look after them in high age To continue the family name For prestige To replace children that died As contributors to family income Click Anywhere to Continue
What are population pyramids used for ?
Tell us a great deal about the age and sex structure of a population Tell us about population growth Help planners determine future needs for services and facilities(Schools,hospitals, etc.) Click Anywhere to Continue
What are some advantages of an ageing population ?
May have skills and training, some employers prefer older workers Can look after grandchildren, allowing parents to work Elderly are important market in grey economy in rich countries Click Anywhere to Continue
What positive effects do migrants usually cause ?
Help create jobs Good supply of labour Some economies could not function without foreign workers Click Anywhere to Continue
Define global warming
An increase in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere (especially a sustained increase that causes climatic changes) Click Anywhere to Continue
Define greenhouse effect
The greenhouse effect causes the atmosphere to trap more heat energy at the Earth's surface and within the atmosphere by absorbing and re-emitting longwave energy. Click Anywhere to Continue
What are two methods of tackling soil degradation
Mechanical windbreaks and vegetation cover Click Anywhere to Continue
What does “water stress” describe ?
There is water stress if the per capita supply of water is lower than 1,700 cubic metres per year. Click Anywhere to Continue
What is the difference of economical and physical water scarcity ?
Physical water scarcity describes the absence of sufficient water supply. It can also be a man-made problem. Economical water scarcity is caused by a lack of investment in water or by insufficient human capacity to satisfy demand. Click Anywhere to Continue
Define refugee
A person who is outside of their country of origin after suffering persecution. Click Anywhere to Continue
Suggest why life expectancy has decreased in many African countries while having increased in the Middle East.
HIV/AIDS epidemic has caused a large increase in mortality Better healthcare system in Middle East Infrastructure(School, housing) Contraception Resources (Water, Food, Elictricity) Income through jobs Click Anywhere to Continue
What does MENA stand for ?
Middle East and North Africa Click Anywhere to Continue
How many migrants are around the world
86 million economically active migrants 21 % moved from developing to developed countries Click Anywhere to Continue
What are some push factors for refugees ?
Intolerance between parts of society Environmental deterioriation State persecution Natural disasters Wars Click Anywhere to Continue