The Escalante Experience CBMS The Escalante Experience opening page HON. MELECIO J. YAP, JR. Mayor City of Escalante, Negros Occidental

Outline Brief LGU Profile Results and Discussion Facilitating local planning and budgeting using CBMS data Key CBMS Results Conclusions and Ways Forward

Escalante City, one of the 13 Cities of Negros Occidental, is located at the Northeastern tip of the Province, some 95 kms. away from Bacolod City, the provincial capital. Basic facts

Sugar Cane Farming (39.0%) Fishing (9.0%) Trade & Commerce (20.0%) It is small, very rural city, created 7 yrs. ago. It has a population of 86,580 (18,935 HHs) whose income sources are derived mainly from sugar cane farming, wholesale and retail trading and fishing. Sugar Cane Farming (39.0%) Fishing (9.0%) Trade & Commerce (20.0%) Nationally and even internationally known in the 1980s because of the so – called “ESCALANTE MASSACRE” . Source: CBMS 2006

Local Finance 2006 % 2007 IRA 197,416,115.31 85.54 211,380,868.00 88.23 Local Income 33,361,443.70 14.46 28,203,755.17 11.77 Total 230,777,559.01 100.00 239,584,623.17 City Treasurer’s Office 2007 Escalante is a 5th income class city, 88.23% of its total income of PhP239.70 Million for 2007 comes from the National Government as its Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) share.

TIMELINE November 28, 1856: Creation of Escalante as a Town. July 1, 1948: Division of Escalante into two: - Escalante and Toboso. May 30, 1958: Transfer of Municipal Government from Old Poblacion to its present site, Brgy. Balintawak (7 kms. away). March 31, 2001: Conversion into the 10th component City of Negros Occidental. timeline

PARTNERSHIP WITH: CBMS Network Team DAWN Foundation Dr. Aniceto Orbeta of PIDS Our partnership with the CBMS Network Team, DAWN Foundation, and Dr. with Orbeta started in the 1st quarter of 2006.

Why CBMS? Need for updated, relevant, reliable and disaggregated data down to the barangay level.

CBMS-GRB Implementation Coverage: City-wide Budget: Cost-sharing (PhP 38.00/HH – city counterpart) Data Gathering Instrument: Questionnaire Data Enumerators: City / Brgy. Health Workers Encoding and Map Digitizing: Brgy. Computer Operators Data Validation: Brgy. / City Consultations mission

CBMS-GRB Implementation Capacity-building interventions Trainings and seminars on: Data Gathering Encoding Map Digitizing Planning and Budgeting

CBMS-GRB Implementation Challenges: People’s attitude towards data gatherers – indifference, contempt, bias Language barrier – English Questionnaire Low Educational level of data gatherers Misdeclaration of income CBMS-GRB Implementation

Key CBMS Results 1990 % 1995 2000 2006 City of Escalante 72,681 79,928 79,098 86,580 Male 36,593 50.35 40,284 50.40 39,770 50.28 44,352 51.23 Female 36,088 49.65 39,644 49.60 39,328 49.72 42,220 48.76 % Growth   1.99 -0.21 1.58 NSO 1990, 1995, 2000 CBMS 2006

Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006 Key CBMS Results High Poverty Incidence Escalante Average 74.43 (CBMS 2006) National Average 24.4* * National Statistics Office 2003 Family Income and Expenditure Survey Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006

Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006 Key CBMS Results Basic Needs Indicators Number Proportion Health Proportion of child deaths aged 0-5 years old 60 0.52 Proportion of women deaths due to pregnancy-related causes 6 0.44 Nutrition Proportion of malnourished children aged 0-5 years old 692 6.07 Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006 opportunities

Key CBMS Results Average educational attainment - Grade Four Basic Needs Indicators Number Proportion Total M F Basic Education Proportion of children aged 6-12 years old not attending elementary school 3,680 2,049 1,631 24.40 26.30 22.30 Proportion of children aged 13-16 years old not attending high school 4,885 2,927 1,958 52.90 61.00 44.00 Proportion of children aged 06-16 years old not attending school 4,865 2,945 1,920 20.00 23.40 16.30 Average educational attainment - Grade Four

Literacy by age group and sex, City of Escalante NSO 2000 – 89% CBMS 2006 – 93% Total % Male Female Literate 62,003 93.3 31,506 93.1 30,497 93.6 10-14 10,586 5,378 91.8 5,208 95.5 15-64 47,778 94.7 24,433 94.4 23,345 95.1 65 & above 3,639 77.6 1,695 80.4 1,944 75.3 Illiterate 4,174 6.3 2,214 6.5 1,960 6.0 704 6.2 469 8.0 235 4.3 2,442 4.8 1,340 5.2 1,102 4.5 1,028 21.9 405 19.2 623 24.1

Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006 Key CBMS Results Limited Access to Safe Water Escalante Average* 49.59 (CBMS 2006) National Average 19.8* *National Statistics Office 2004 Annual Poverty Indicators Survey Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006

Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006 Key CBMS Results High Proportion of Households Without Access to Sanitary Toilets Escalante Average 59.42 (CBMS 2006) National Average 13.8** *National Statistics Office 2004 Annual Poverty Indicators Survey Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006

Cause of death of persons who died during the reference period* Key CBMS Results High Incidence of Poverty-Related Deaths CITY OF ESCALANTE Cause of death of persons who died during the reference period* Magnitude Proportion** Total Male Female Pneumonia 49 26 23 0.06 0.05 Tuberculosis 25 11 14 0.03 0.02 Diarrhea 15 5 10 0.01 Measles 2 1 Delivery 6 9 Male Members 44,352   Female Members 42,220 Total Members 86,580 *Cause of death of persons who died during the reference period **Number of persons by cause of death over total number of members Source: CBMS Survey 2006

Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006 Key CBMS Results Prevalence of Poverty-Related Diseases MORBIDITY 2006 No. Rate Male (%) Female (%) Upper Respiratory Tract Infection 3,108 37 1,486 1,622 Diarrheal Diseases 307 168 139 Pneumonia 375 4 226 149 Abdominal Disorders 192 2 92 100 Anemia 177 77 Parasitism 130 60 70 Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006

Key CBMS Results 63% of HHs are Informal Settlers

Type of business/industry* Key CBMS Results Agriculture-dependent labor CITY OF ESCALANTE Type of business/industry* Magnitude Proportion** Total Male Female Agriculture mining and Forestry 10,922 8,210 2,712 38.71 42.94 29.82 Fishing 2,447 2,293 154 8.67 11.99 1.69 Manufacturing 904 594 310 3.2 3.11 3.41 Construction 1,212 1,147 65 4.3 6 0.71 Wholesale and Retail Trade, Vehicle Repair 3,513 1,662 1,851 12.45 8.69 20.35 Transportation, Storage & Communication 2,284 2,085 199 8.1 10.91 2.19 Private Households with Employed Persons 2,399 855 1544 8.5 4.47 16.98 Employed Members of the Labor Force 28,213 19,118 9,095 *General type of business/industry **Number of employed by type of business/industry over total number of employed persons Source: CBMS Survey 2006

Key CBMS Results Seasonality of work CITY OF ESCALANTE Nature of employment* Magnitude Proportion** Total Male Female Permanent 13,241 8,715 4,526 46.9 45.6 49.76 Short-term, seasonal or casual 13,227 9,091 4,136 47.6 45.48 Worked on different jobs on day to day or week to week 1,714 1,292 422 6.08 6.76 4.64 Employed Members of the Labor Force 28,213 19,118 9,095 *Employed members of the labor force and their nature of employment. **Number of employed by nature of employment over number employed members Source: CBMS Survey 2006

Key CBMS Results Unskilled labor force 781 478 303 2.77 2.50 3.33 CITY OF ESCALANTE Type of occupation* Magnitude Proportion** Total Male Female Officials of Gov’t, Special-Interest Org’ns, Corporate Executives, Managers, Managing Proprietors and Supervisors 781 478 303 2.77 2.50 3.33 Physical, Mathematical and Eng’g Science Professionals 1,215 486 729 4.31 2.54 8.02 Technician and Associate Professionals 270 212 58 0.96 1.11 0.64 Service Workers and Shop and Market Sales Workers 4,404 1,802 2,602 15.61 9.43 28.61 Farmers, Forestry Workers and Fishermen 6,532 5,263 1,269 23.15 27.53 13.95 Trades and Related Workers 1,283 899 384 4.55 4.7 4.22 Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers 1,098 1,059 39 3.89 5.54 0.43 Laborers and Unskilled Workers 11,274 8,237 3,037 39.96 43.09 33.39 Special Occupations 818 456 362 2.9 2.39 3.98 Employed Members of the Labor Force 28,213 Male – 19,118 Female – 9,095

Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006 Key CBMS Results Most Migrant Workers are Employed as Menial Workers Occupation of OFW Number of OFW % Babysitters, Domestic Helpers, Maids 150 26.32 Seafarers 93 16.32 Factory Workers 25 4.39 Caregivers 16 2.81 Nurse Welders 13 2.28 Office Professionals 5 0.88 Engineers/Architects 15 2.63 Total Number of OFWs 570 Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006

Key CBMS Results Peace and Order 28 of 94 crimes (29.8%) were against women CITY OF ESCALANTE Type of crime* Magnitude Proportion** Total Male Female Murder / Homicide 15 11 3 15.96 24.44 6.38 Theft 24 13 25.53 28.89 23.4 Rape 10 2 8 10.64 4.44 17.02 Physical Injury (not including battery) 5 11.11 Spousal / Partner abuse 22 7 15.56 31.91 Child abuse 9 9.57 Other crimes (specified) 4 4.26 Male Victims 45 Female Victims 47 Total Victims 94

Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006 Key CBMS Results Low Participation of Women Source: CBMS Data Survey 2006

CBMS RESULTS enabled the city to identify, among others: priority areas of concern who, where and how many are the target population what interventions to undertake how much is needed to address the problem benchmark on impact monitoring

PRIORITY AREAS OF CONCERN of the City per CBMS RESULTS: Poverty Livelihood projects (at least 50% of Php 10.5 Million City assistance to barangays from Development Funds ) PhP 500,000 for cooperative development 2. Education Scholarship program Feeding program Establishment of barangay extension high schools School-based agri-business projects

PRIORITY AREAS OF CONCERN of the City per CBMS RESULTS: 3. Health and Environmental Issues PhP 40 Million loan from Land Bank for water system development PhP 15 Million from NAPC for barangay level water system projects Assistance from UNDP Implementation of RA 9003 Access to toilets be made a criteria for barangay clean and green contest 4. Capacity Development PhP 1 Million for skills and livelihood trainings for women and out- of-school youth

PRIORITY AREAS OF CONCERN of the City per CBMS RESULTS: 5. Shelter Land banking in all barangays Linkaging with housing agencies (government and NGOs) Farm-Lot subdivision scheme in rural barangays 6. Women Empowerment Minding centers Joint ownership of properties

Conclusions: CBMS data triggered policy changes: - in the utilization of the City’s 20% Development Funds Bigger budget allocation for : Livelihood projects (at least 50% of Php 10.5 Million City assistance to barangays) Water system development Coop development Farm – to – market roads - in the Planning and Budgeting of the 5% GAD Budget GAD plan using CBMS data as basis for budgeting - in the Planning and Budgeting of the Local School Board Funds

Some CBMS Concerns: Simplification of Questionnaire Improvement of indicators to capture realistic data on income and employment Periodic updating of data Per se, it is a powerful instrument to obtain disaggregated, updated and relevant data on the socio – economic life of communities.

Philippine Institute of Development Studies Special Thanks to: Dr. Celia M. Reyes CBMS Network Dr. Aniceto Orbeta, Jr. Philippine Institute of Development Studies Councilor Celia Flor DAWN Foundation Daghang Salamat!