Terminology of Medical Disciplines To understand disease causes, effects, prevention, and treatment... it is necessary to understand the language!

The “Ologies” and More 1. Anatomy the structure of living things 1a. Gross Anatomy the study of features observed with the naked eye 1b. Histology the of anatomical features with the assistance of a microscope

The “Ologies” and More 2. Physiology the activities of living things; how they occur 3. Embryology the development of the embryo in-utero

The “Ologies” and More 4. Microbiology study of microscopic organisms –4a. Bacteriology –4b. Virology

The “Ologies” and More 5. Electronmicroscopy study of organisms using a electron micro. 6. Immunology study of immunity and it factors

The “Ologies” and More 7. Pathology study of disease 7a. Gross pathology = unaided eye 7b. Histopathology = disease of tissues 7c. Pathophysiology = mechanisms of disease production 7d. Clinical pathology = disease causes utilizing certain laboratory methods

Important Medical Terminology

Medical Terms Disease ‘not at ease’; deviation from the norm Etiology study of the cause of the disease Diagnosis determine the nature and cause of disease

Medical Terms Prognosis forecast of “probable” outcome or results of having a disease Morbidity ratio of sick animals to well (%age) Mortality death rate (%age)

Medical Terms Pathogen disease causing agent Pathogenesis development of the disease, “process” Prophylaxis prevention of disease

Medical Terms Pathognomonic an alteration that indicates “without doubt” the cause of a particular disease i.e. Negri bodies in the hippocampus Lesion a morphologic change in tissue caused be a disease process

Medical Terms Necropsy the examine a dead animal (Post Mortem) Symptom a clinical sign “evidence” (lameness, swell) Acute a rapid onset with sever pain Chronic persisting over a long period of time

Medical Terms Idiopathic of unknown cause Iatrogenic disease caused by erroneous treatment

The Body as a Whole Cells Tissues Organs Systems Organism

General Body Compartments Cranial cavity Thoracic cavity Abdominal cavity (peritoneum) Pelvic cavity

The Systems

Digestive System converts substances to simpler ones Contains... Digestive tract Salivary glands Liver (Hepatic) Pancreas

Respiratory System provides oxygen so energy can occur Nasal or Oral cavity Pharynx Trachea Bronchi Alveoli

Circulatory System carry products of digestion and respiration all over the body Heart Arteries Capillaries Veins Tissue fluid Lymphatic fluid

Excretory System removes waste Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra Lungs Skins

Nervous System specialized to coordinate body activity CNS –Brain –Spinal cord PNS –cranial nerves –spinal nerves

Reproductive System responsible for perpetuation of species Pituitary hormones Gonadal hormones Sexual parts Endocrine System –not a “system”, but works together via hormonal action from ductless glands to coordinate activities with nervous system –What is Endocrenology?

Introduction to Terminology of Prefixes and Suffixes

Prefixes and Suffixes A, An Ab Aero Ambi Anero Angio Ante Anti Arthro Auto Bi Brady Broncho Carcino Cardio Cephalo

Prefixes and Suffixes Cide Cutaneous Cryo Crypto Cyte Derm Dys Ecto Emia Encephalo Endo Entero Epi Galacto Gastro Glyco

Prefixes and Suffixes Hema Hepato Hetero Histo Homo Hyper Hydro Hypo Inter Intra In-utero In-vitro In-vivo Iso Itis Leuco

Prefixes and Suffixes Lysis Macro Mal Mania Mast Metri Micro Myco Myo Necro Neo Nephro Neuro Non Ology Oma

Prefixes and Suffixes Opthalmo Os Oscopy Osis Osteo Otomy Paresis Partum Pathy Per os Peri Phage Phobia Pnea Pneumo Poly

Prefixes and Suffixes Post Pre Pulmo Pyelo Pyo=purulent Renal Rhino Septic Sero Stasis Stoma Sub Thermo Tox Tracheo Uni

Prefixes and Suffixes Uria Vaso Verm On to vet school...