Geography of Ancient Greece A(n)___________________ is a chain of islands. A ________________ is surrounded by water on three sides. Two reasons why mountains had a negative impact on the people of Greece: The sea was useful to ancient Greeks for two reasons: archipelago peninsula Separate city-states, travel was difficult; bad for farming Provided fish, allowed for trade, expert sea travelers/navy

Four Types of Government: Oligarchy Tyranny Monarchy Democracy 1. Government run by the people. 2. Government run by a small group, usually wealthy men. 3. Government run by king or queen. 4. Government run by one leader who took power from others, and takes advantage of the people in order to maintain power. Democracy Oligarchy Monarchy Tyranny

Athens: Type of Government ____________________________ Requirements to be a citizen in Athens: What was the difference between a male citizen and a male metic? Describe a woman’s role in Athens: How is the democracy of Athens different from our own government (at least two reasons)? How did education differ between Athens and Sparta? Citizen can vote and participate in government. Metic can influence Take care of home and kids; can’t participate in gov’t or go out alone Athens is a direct democracy with no leader. Citizens vote on every issue. US has a leader, and representatives that are elected to vote on most issues. Athens taught reading, writing, history, etc. Sparta focused on physical strength. Male, with both parents born in Athens Democracy

Sparta: Role of Men: Describe Training: One difference between a woman’s role in Athens and Sparta: One word to describe Sparta: ____________ Train for military, be a strong warrior for Sparta Spartan women can go out alone. Athenian women need a male to escort them. Spartan women train to be strong. Athenian women take care of the kids and home. Warlike; powerful Began at age 7; lived away from home without comforts…this made them tougher!

Persian Wars: Began after ___________ attacked ______ colonies. Battle at Marathon: Greeks _____________ but win because they had a _________ strategy. The Greeks lose battle of Thermopylae because ____________________________. The Greeks let the Persians burn and destroy _____________ because they prefer to fight at ________. The Greeks eventually ________ the Persians and Athens forms the __________________. outnumbered better A Greek traitor helps the Persians. Athens sea defeat Delian League Persia Greek

The Delian League: Why was the Delian League a good idea? How did the Delian League lead to the Peloponnesian Wars? It joined many city-states together. They are stronger together than on their own. Athens began to act very powerful towards the other city-states in the DL, and Sparta feared that power and formed the Peloponnesian League.

Peloponnesian Wars _________________ vs. ________________ Sparta forms the ______________________. Athens ________________ cities that want to leave the Delian League. The leader of Athens during this war is ____________. He knows that the best chance of winning is to fight at __________. Athens becomes weak after suffering from the ______________. _______________ really wins this war. AthensSparta Peloponnesian League attacks Pericles sea plague Nobody

Alexander the Great…true or false: _____ Alexander was generous to his soldiers. _____ Alexander tried to unite all people he conquered under his empire. _____ Alexander admired the Persians. _____ When he died, Alexander left his empire to his only son. _____ Alexander was tutored by Aristotle. T T T F F

Religion: How were Greek gods and goddess different from those in ancient Egypt? Purpose of myths: List three ways Greeks worshipped the Gods: Looked and acted like people Explain events from nature, or teach lessons about life - Reading and acting out myths, public ceremonies, animal sacrifice, worship at household shrine, Olympics and other athletic contests,