Bones: An Overview Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Pages

Functions of the Bones 2

Support form internal framework that supports and anchors all soft organs legs support trunk rib cage supports thoracic wall 3

Protection Skull protects brain Vertebrae protects spinal cord Rib cage protects vital organs of thorax 4

Movement Skeletal muscles use the bones as levers to move the body and its parts. 5

Storage Stores fat in internal cavities. Stores minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. 6

Blood Cell Formation Hematopoiesis occurs within the marrow cavities of certain bones. 7

Types of Osseous Tissue Compact Bone –dense –Looks smooth –Homogeneous Spongy Bone –Composed of small needlelike pieces and lots of open spaces 8

Compact & Spongy 9

Classification of Bones 10

Long Bones Typically longer than they are wide Have a shaft and heads at both ends Bones of limbs (except wrist and ankles) Mostly compact bones 11

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Short Bones Generally cubed-shaped mostly spongy bone Bones of wrist and ankles 13

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Flat Bones Thin, flattened, usually curved Two thin layers of compact sandwiching a layer of spongy Bones of skull, ribs, and sternum 15

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Irregular Bones Bones that do not fit any of the other categories Vertebrae and hip bones sportscollege/images/sport/body/irregular.gif 17