Greek Empire BC (650 years) Greeks created the City-State, a form of regional government loyal to one major city. Greek city-states made war with each other annually to maintain their independence. The city-state made contributions to Greek society such as the arts, philosophy, literature, science, democratic government, and sports. In what ways was ancient Greece like the society of the United States today?

Alexander the Great ( BC) In just over a decade, Greek culture is diffused (spread) throughout the Middle East, Egypt, and to India. The Greek language, philosophy, and ideas o f democratic government take hold in the Eastern Mediterranean. Greek influence in Egypt lasts from BC, in Syria from BC, and in Macedonia from BC. In just over a decade, Greek culture is diffused (spread) throughout the Middle East, Egypt, and to India. The Greek language, philosophy, and ideas o f democratic government take hold in the Eastern Mediterranean. Greek influence in Egypt lasts from BC, in Syria from BC, and in Macedonia from BC.

Roman Republic BC (450 years) Romans assimilated (adopted) ideas of democratic government and laws from Greeks

Roman Empire 27 BC-476 AD (500 years) What countries today may have had Roman influence?

-Government -Law -Technology -Military strategy -Architecture -Sculpture -Literature -The Arts Roman culture contributed greatly to the development of:

Sports Stadiums Then Now

Byzantine Empire ( AD) Even though this empire was centered in Constantinople (now Istanbul in Western Turkey), its European influences continued for many centuries in Southern Europe: Civil codes of law Preservation of art Strengthening of Christianity Even though this empire was centered in Constantinople (now Istanbul in Western Turkey), its European influences continued for many centuries in Southern Europe: Civil codes of law Preservation of art Strengthening of Christianity

Islamic and Arab Influence North African Muslims invaded the Iberian Peninsula (Spain/Portugal) from AD. Left many marks of Islamic language and architecture. Moors Built large empire in place of Byzantines ( ) Influenced Balkan culture for centuries. Ottomans

England In a process called SEQUENT OCCUPANCE, the British Isles have been conquered over and over again since ancient times. Finally, in 1066 AD, William the Conqueror came over from Normandy to begin a nation what we know today as Great Britain. In a process called SEQUENT OCCUPANCE, the British Isles have been conquered over and over again since ancient times. Finally, in 1066 AD, William the Conqueror came over from Normandy to begin a nation what we know today as Great Britain.

Holy Roman Empire AD Long after the ancient Roman Empire fell, Germanic tribes from Central Europe came to power and joined together under a famous ruler, Charlemagne. It wasn’t long before the empire broke into hundreds of small kingdoms, where they followed a system known simply as FEUDALISM. This lack of centralized government caused the “dark ages” to persist in much of Western Europe, whereas the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires to the East flourished. Long after the ancient Roman Empire fell, Germanic tribes from Central Europe came to power and joined together under a famous ruler, Charlemagne. It wasn’t long before the empire broke into hundreds of small kingdoms, where they followed a system known simply as FEUDALISM. This lack of centralized government caused the “dark ages” to persist in much of Western Europe, whereas the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires to the East flourished.

Renaissance AD Religion Humanism Enlightenment Arts/Education Great works of art were created Universities sprung up all over Europe Politics/Economics People questioned “divine right” of kings New merchant class created from age of exploration

Colonialism ( ) With the Age of Exploration, European nations looked for new resources to enrich their national homeland.

Spain at height of power

Portugal at height of power

United Kingdom at height of power

European Colonization in 1800

European Colonization by 1914 (WWI) To what degree has the world been influenced in recent centuries by European nations?