Transforming Scholarly Publishing: From a Closed Book to an Open Digital Platform TRUTH 2012 Symposium

INTRO Practitioner perspective Concepts The Scholarly Monograph Public Knowledge Project Open Monograph Press TRUTH 2012 Symposium 2

3 Some Concepts “Open” Inter-operability Collaboration Persistence Sustainability

OPEN Open source software: freely available for anyone to download, use and improve Open access: unrestricted online access to scholarly output Open content /data: access and repurpose TRUTH 2012 Symposium 4

INTER-OPERABILITY “the ability of diverse systems and organizations to work together” Open standards Software development methodologies & tools TRUTH 2012 Symposium 5

COLLABORATION Commons-based peer production (Benkler) “…collaboration among large groups of individuals, who cooperate effectively to provide information, knowledge or cultural goods without relying on either market pricing or managerial hierarchies to coordinate their common enterprise.” Open community Diverse expertise TRUTH 2012 Symposium 6

PERSISTENCE Digital preservation, esp. for born digital Bit rot, link rot, obsolescence Rushdie’s Computer Data life cycle Big data TRUTH 2012 Symposium 7

Data Lifecycle Source: DDI Structural Reform Group. “DDI Version 3.0 Conceptual Model." DDI Alliance Accessed on 11 August TRUTH 2012 Symposium 8

BIG DATA 1 petabyte = 1,000 terabytes 13.3 years of HD-TV video 10 million yards of books on a shelf 20 million four-drawer filing cabinets filled with text 250 million mp3 songs TRUTH 2012 Symposium 9

BIG DATA Walmart handles 1 million plus customer transactions every hour, which is imported into databases estimated to contain more than 2.5 petabytes of data - the equivalent of 167 times the information contained in all the books in the Library of Congress Large Hadron Collider produces about 15 petabytes of data per year Google processes about 24 petabytes of data per day TRUTH 2012 Symposium 10

SUSTAINABILITY Research project lifecycle –Grant funding –Generally fixed term –Turnover “Rust never sleeps” –Infrastructure: support, replacement –Software: bugs, enhancements, re-writes –Technical staff TRUTH 2012 Symposium 11

SUSTAINABILITY Open = Free Sustainability models –In-kind & institutional support –Sponsors, donations –Revenue generation, e.g. ads –Value-added services and support TRUTH 2012 Symposium 12

OED DEFINITION OF PUBLISH To make public or generally known; to declare or report openly or publicly; to announce; (also) to propagate or disseminate (a creed or system). To make generally accessible or available for acceptance or use (a work of art, information, etc.); to present to or before the public; spec. to make public (news, research findings, etc.) through the medium of print or the Internet. Definition of Web PublishingWeb Publishing TRUTH 2012 Symposium 13

The Scholarly Monograph Library monograph sales: – : 1% increase (51% for journals) –dropped from 2000 (1980s) to 200 (2000s) –2 to 1 in 1969; 1 to 3 by 2003 Ithaka Report (2007):University Publishing In A Digital Age –Print to digital transition –Commercial competition –Financial viability and institutional support TRUTH 2012 Symposium 14

The Scholarly Monograph AAUP Report (2011): Sustaining Scholarly Publishing: New Business Models for University Presses –Partnerships –Digital publishing –Open access –New business models TRUTH 2012 Symposium 15

NEW PUBLISHING MODELS Liquid Books “…a series of experimental digital ‘books’ published under the conditions of both open editing and free content. As such, you are free to compose, rewrite, edit, annotate, translate, tag, add to, remix, reformat, reinvent and reuse any of the books in the series, or produce parallel versions of them - and what's more you are expressly invited and encouraged to do so.”free content Open Humanities Press “…the price of journal subscriptions has skyrocketed while humanities book lists have dwindled. As a result, researchers at all but a few institutions are finding it increasingly difficult to get hold of the materials they need to participate in the scholarly dialogue. Open access (OA) publishing has sprung up in direct response to this crisis. The basic idea is simple: making peer-reviewed literature permanently available, free of charge and freely redistributable by taking advantage of the low cost and wide access of internet distribution. TRUTH 2012 Symposium 16

NEW PUBLISHING MODELS IPinCH: Intellectual Property Issues in Cultural HeritageIPinCH: Intellectual Property Issues in Cultural Heritage Internet Shakespeare Editions Kairos: A Journal of Rhetoric, Technology, and PedagogyKairos: A Journal of Rhetoric, Technology, and Pedagogy “…to publish scholarship that examines digital and multimodal composing practices, promoting work that enacts its scholarly argument through rhetorical and innovative uses of new media.” TRUTH 2012 Symposium 17

TRUTH 2012 Symposium 18 PKP Software Low cost online publishing alternative Open Source – LAMP; GPL License Established software –Open Journal Systems (OJS)‏ –Open Conference Systems (OCS)‏ –Open Harvester Systems (OHS)‏ Software in development‏ –PKP Web Application Library (WAL) –Open Monograph Press (OMP)‏

TRUTH 2012 Symposium 19 OJS Installations

TRUTH 2012 Symposium 20 OJS Journal Survey: March (36%) of 2748 OJS journals responded –Commercial publishers: 6% –Scholarly societies: 32% –Independent or scholar publisher: 62% Open Access policy: 83% (another 8% embargo OA) Average first copy cost: $188 (compare w.RLIN 2008 estimate of $1784)

OPEN MONOGRAPH PRESS Open source software platform; monographs, edited volumes, scholarly editions Publication workflow: –Submission –Internal and external review –Editing, cataloguing, production –Publication: online or print Press website with catalog, distribution, and sales capacities. Sept. 17, 2012 launch TRUTH 2012 Symposium 21

OMP Early Adopters Athabasca University Press Open Humanities Press Univ. of Windsor: Philosophy Dept. & Library Univ. of Pittsburgh Library University of Murcia (Spain) Publications TRUTH 2012 Symposium 22

OMP Pre-Publication or Incubation TRUTH 2012 Symposium 23

OMP Post-Production TRUTH 2012 Symposium 24

TRUTH 2012 Symposium 25 PKP’s Global Reach