Newark Desalination Facility

ACWD Service Area Union City South Bay Aqueduct (DWR) Fremont Newark HWY 92 C Well Fields Union City CREEK HAYWARD FAULT DRY Hetch-Hetchy (SFPUC) ALAMEDA South Bay Aqueduct (DWR) San Francisco Bay CREEK COYOTE I-680 HILLS Alameda County Water District currently utilize 3 sources of supply 1. ACWD purchases water from the Department of Water Resources. Water is conveyed via the South Bay Aqueduct, shown here in GREEN. South Bay Aqueduct Water is treated at two water treatment plants shown here in PURPLE. 2. ACWD is a suburban customer of San Francisco Public Utilities Commission Water is conveyed via the Hetch-Hetchy system, shown here in RED. The remaining supply consists of local groundwater. This water is pumped from two wellfields shown here in BLACK. In summary, the District imports approx. 55% of its supply from DWR, 30% from Hetch Hetchy and 15% from local runoff. Fremont HWY 84 I-880 Water Treatment Plants San Jose San Francisco Oakland Walnut Creek San Francisco Bay Location Map Fremont Newark miles 0.5 1

ACWD Water Supply Planning ACWD Integrated Resources Planning Study (1995) identified key issues for ACWD: Dry year water supply reliability System production capacity Water quality (hardness)

IRP Recommended Strategy and Implementation Status Item Status Water Conservation All cost-effective BMPs are being implemented Off-site Water Storage 150,000 AF of groundwater banking secured at Semitropic (1996, 2001) Enhanced Local Conjunctive Use Quarry Lakes recharge pits rehabilitation completed (1996) Recycled Water Joint ACWD/Union Sanitary District feasibility studies completed Brackish GW Desalination Phase 1 (5 MGD) facility in operation (2003)

Niles Cone Groundwater Basin and Aquifer Reclamation Program

Niles Cone Groundwater Basin

Brackish Groundwater Desalination Concept

Brackish Groundwater Desalination Benefits Water Supply New source of supply Firm source of supply Water Production Provides new source of production to distribution system Water Quality High quality water Helps meet district’s hardness goals Reliability of Local Control Provides water source west of Hayward Fault Does not rely on outside sources

1998 - Pilot Tests Performed Findings ARP water has low membrane fouling potential & requires minimal pretreatment Low pressure membranes performed well and will meet WQ Objectives RO Concentrate met NPDES discharge requirements

DESALINATION FACILITY 2001 – Designs Finalized ACWD Service Area HWY 92 C Union City CREEK HAYWARD FAULT DRY San Francisco Bay ALAMEDA DARVON WELLFIELD CEDAR WELLFIELD CREEK COYOTE Fremont I-680 HILLS Desal Facility $12.2 M HWY 84 I-880 Well Upgrades $ 1.3 M DESALINATION FACILITY Newark Supply and Discharge Pipelines $ 6.7 M Total : $20.2 M miles 0.5 1

Concentrate Discharge Final Discharge Location Flood control channel discharges to San Francisco Bay (approximately 2500 ft from Desal, 20,000 ft from San Francisco Bay) Discharge Monitoring is conducted regularly to ensure that the concentrate stream is not negatively impacting the environment SHOW MAP OF WHERE PLUMMER CREEK IS.. FOR A SENSE OF HOW FAR AWAY FROM THE BAY IT IS BEING DISCHARGED

Projected Annual Operating Cost: $ 241/Ac-Ft LABEL CHART WITH CATEGORY NAME

Summary – What Have We Learned? Desalination provides ACWD cost-effective local supply Improved water quality Public acceptance – favorably received Cost comparable with other supplies Most challenging aspects included: Discharge permit Construction in an urbanized area Future challenges include: Regulatory changes regarding discharge Future energy costs uncertain

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NPDES Permit Requirements for Desal Conduct Self-Monitoring Program: On a monthly basis: Perform Acute Toxicity Testing on Concentrate– static renewal bioassay using 2 test species: three-spine stickleback and either rainbow trout or fathead minnow. Sample Concentrate for - Total Dissolved Solids, Dissolved Oxygen, Chlorides, Conductivity, pH, Temperature, Salinity and Total Metals (i.e., Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Magnesium, Mercury, Nickel, Selenium, Silver and Zinc).

Flood Control Channel Discharge Issues Concentrate Water Quality Salinity Trace Metal Concentrations Habitat Impacts Sensitive Species Vegetation Permit Acquisition Regional Water Quality Control Board NPDES Permit to Discharge Calif Dept of Fish & Game Streambed Alteration Permit to Construct Outfall

Permit Acquisition Approach Identify Major Stakeholders and their concerns California Regional Water Control Board (RWQCB) United States Fish and Wildlife Services (USFWS) California Department of Fish and Game (CDF) Conduct feasibility & technical studies (i.e., pilot work & water quality analysis) Conduct vegetative biotic surveys to confirm habitat species

Projected Concentrate Discharge Water Quality Specific Constituents of Concern RWQCB Fresh Water Quality Objectives (ug/L)2 Projected Concentrate Discharge (ug/L) Selenium 5 2.8 – 4.6 Copper 38.7 19.9 – 32.8 Chromium VI 11 ND1 Nickel 509 3.3 – 5.5 Zinc 343 24.2 – 40.1 1 Non Detect (Chromium VI is not naturally occurring and typically present when total chromium values are elevated. Projected total chromium = 14.9 -24.6 ug/l) 2 Calculated values assuming a hardness = 400 mg/l

Water Quality Objectives RO Permeate (Potable) Water Quality TDS <100 mg/l Hardness < 10 mg/l Finished Water Quality Hardness <150 mg/l Non-corrosive Good Tasting Water Concentrate Water Quality pH 6-9 Non-toxic Meet NPDES Permit Requirements

Future Related Projects Wellfield Treatment Facility Purpose: Demineralize well water and reblend w/ well and SFPUC Water Impact: Lower hardness, improve protection and operating flexibility Date: 2006 Newark Desal Facility Expansion Purpose: Additional production; blended with well water Impact: Lower, more uniform hardness, increase reliability Date: 2009 CUT – INSERT CONCENTRATE DISPOSAL ALTERNATIVES PRESENTATION HERE ..FORMAT TO LOOK LIKE THIS PRESENTATION!