Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?!

Goal: Reach $1,000,000 4 teams of 7-8 students  This is your “audience” when you use a life-line. Each person on each team will answer the given question individually. If you are stuck, you can use a life-line. Each team gets 4 life-lines: 2 “phone a friend”  choose someone on your team to bail you out 2 “ask the audience”  discuss with your entire team the correct answer

Each Q you answer correctly, you earn a level on the board. If you answer incorrectly, you move down a level on the board. Goal is to reach $1,000,000

PRIZES 1 - $ $ $ $1, $2, $4, $6, $8, $10, $20, $30, $50, $75, $100, $200, $350, $500, $750, $900, $1,000,000

Ready?

What is the term for a nucleotide triplet (3 bases ) on mRNA? CODON

DNA or RNA? Contains Uracil RNA

DNA or RNA Single stranded RNA

DNA or RNA Contains G &C BOTH

DNA or RNA Cannot leave nucleus DNA

Where does translation take place? RIBOSOME

If DNA has 40% A, how much (%) C will it contain? 10% C + 10% G 40% A = 40% T

Which enzyme adds new RNA nucleotides to DNA template strand to make mRNA? RNA POLYMERASE

What is the first step of protein synthesis? TRANSCRIPTION

What is created during translation? AMINO ACIDS (PROTEINS)

Term for the copying of DNA? DNA REPLICATION

What is the term for spontaneous changes in the DNA sequence? MUTATIONS

When DNA is copied, each daughter helix will contain what % of original DNA? 50% ORIGINAL 50 % NEW

What is the term for a mutation that results from an insertion of an extra base? FRAMESHIFT

How many nucleotides are necessary to code for 2 amino acids? 6 NUCLEOTIDES (2 CODONS)

Which enzyme unzips DNA during DNA replication? DNA HELICASE

Which enzyme adds new DNA nucleotides to the old DNA template strand? DNA POLYMERASE

Which enzyme unzips DNA during protein synthesis? RNA POLYMERASE

What type of mutation describes a change from TAC TAG to TAC TA_? FRAMESHIFT (DELETION)

What is created during transcription? mRNA

What do anti-codons bind to? CODONS ON MRNA

What is the sugar found in RNA? RIBOSE

Fill in the blank: DNA  RNA  _______  Trait PROTEIN

Do both prokaryotes & eukaryotes carry out translation in the ribosome? YES

What is the monomer/subunit of DNA & RNA? NUCLEOTIDE

What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? PHOSPHATE, 5-C SUGAR & A NITROGENOUS BASE

What is the sugar found in DNA? DEOXYRIBOSE

What is D? mRNA

On what molecule are anti-codons found? TRNA

What type of bonds connect the sugars and phosphates in DNA? COVALENT BONDS

How many bases make up 1 anti-codon? 3 BASES

What is the role of tRNA & anti-codons? TO CARRY AMINO ACIDS TO THE RIBOSOME

How does the ribosome know which amino acid to call for? READS THE CODON ON MRNA & CALLS FOR MATCHING ANTI- CODON

Where does transcription take place? NUCLEUS

If mRNA: AUC UUA DNA: ? DNA: TAG AAT

What is the process shown here? TRANSLATION

What is the mRNA codon complementary to? tRNA anti-codon

What type of bonds hold connect the 2 strands of DNA? HYDROGEN BONDS

What are the building blocks of proteins that are connected during translation? AMINO ACIDS

Where is rRNA found? IN RIBOSOMES

Term for artificially created DNA from 2 different sources? RECOMBINANT DNA

What is the term for proteins that DNA wraps around? HISTONES

What is B? AMINO ACID

What is the term for substances that cause mutations? MUTAGEN

What types of cells undergo protein synthesis? ALL CELLS (even prokaryotes)

Do prokaryotes carry out transcription in the nucleus? NO (THEY LACK A NUCLEUS)

What is the term for DNA that is wrapped around proteins? CHROMOSOME

What is a type of mutation where the DNA changes but the resulting amino acid does not? SILENT MUTATION

What makes up the backbone of DNA? SUGAR AND PHOSPHATES

Are all genes expressed all the time? Explain. No. When they are not needed, they are “turned off”.

Do codons code for only 1 amino acid? Can multiple codons code for the same amino acid? MULTIPLE CODONS CODE FOR SAME AMINO ACID

What is A? Protein or polypeptide

What is C? tRNA

What type of bond connects amino acids together? PEPTIDE BOND

Term for cutting genes from one organism and inserting into another organism’s DNA? GENE SPLICING

Inserting genes into patients to treat diseases (replace faulty disease causing DNA) GENE THERAPY

Placing a cloned embryo into organism’s uterus to grow a new individual? REPRODUCTIVE CLONING

Growing newly cloned embryo in a petri dish without implanting into a uterus THERAPEUTIC CLONING

Running an electric current through DNA samples to determine an individual’s DNA pattern DNA FINGERPRINTING

How many DNA molecules are created during DNA replication? 2 IDENTICAL MOLECULES OF DNA

What % of 1 DNA molecule created during replication is considered “new” DNA? 50% New  50% old

Term for mutation that originally coded for an amino acid which now codes for a STOP codon? NONSENSE MUTATION

Term for allowing only organisms with certain traits to reproduce to give desired offspring SELECTIVE BREEDING (ARTIFICIAL SELECTION)

How many TOTAL strands are seen at the end of DNA replication? 4 DNA strands

What is the term for multiple amino acids together? POLYPEPTIDE

What does GMO stand for? GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISM