Test Review Waves, Optics, Modern Physics

Characteristics of Waves One thing ALL waves have in common is that they all transfer energy. As they travel through a medium, they move the molecules around, but eventually leave them in the same place they started.

Characteristics of Waves Consider the following wave: Frequency = 10 Hz 20 m 4 m

Characteristics of Waves What is it’s amplitude? Frequency = 10 Hz 20 m 4 m

Characteristics of Waves What is it’s amplitude? Frequency = 10 Hz 20 m 4 m

Characteristics of Waves What is it’s amplitude? Frequency = 10 Hz 20 m 4 m 10 m

Characteristics of Waves What is it’s wavelength (λ)? Frequency = 10 Hz 20 m 4 m

Characteristics of Waves What is it’s wavelength (λ)? Frequency = 10 Hz 20 m 4 m

Characteristics of Waves What is it’s wavelength (λ)? Frequency = 10 Hz 20 m 4 m 8 m

Characteristics of Waves What is it’s period? Frequency = 10 Hz 20 m 4 m

Characteristics of Waves What is it’s period? Frequency = 10 Hz 20 m 4 m Period = 1/f

Characteristics of Waves What is it’s period? Frequency = 10 Hz 20 m 4 m Period = 1/f

Characteristics of Waves What is it’s velocity? Frequency = 10 Hz 20 m 4 m

Characteristics of Waves What is it’s velocity? Frequency = 10 Hz 20 m 4 m

Characteristics of Waves What is it’s velocity? Frequency = 10 Hz 20 m 4 m

Characteristics of Waves Example: A radio wave has a frequency of 104 kHz. What is its wavelength?

Characteristics of Waves Example: A radio wave has a frequency of 104 kHz. What is its wavelength? Fact: Radio waves travel at the speed of light, so we know that v=3.0E8m/s for the radio wave.

Characteristics of Waves Example: A radio wave has a frequency of 104 kHz. What is its wavelength? v=3.0E8m/sf= 104kHz= 104,000Hz

Characteristics of Waves Example: A radio wave has a frequency of 104 kHz. What is its wavelength? v=3.0E8m/sf= 104kHz= 104,000Hz

Characteristics of Waves Example: A radio wave has a frequency of 104 kHz. What is its wavelength? v=3.0E8m/sf= 104kHz= 104,000Hz

Characteristics of Waves Frequency vs. Period. Frequency is the inverse of Period so it means that the graph looks like this: Period Frequency

Characteristics of Waves An singer can break glass if they sing a note that has the same what as the glass?

Characteristics of Waves An singer can break glass if they sing a note that has the same what as the glass? Natural Frequency

Types of Waves What kind of wave is each: Transverse or compressional? Light?? Sound??

Types of Waves What kind of wave is each: Transverse or compressional? LightTransverse SoundCompressional

The Doppler Effect Which side will hear a lower pitch and which side a higher pitch?

The Doppler Effect LOWER PITCHHIGHER PITCH

Wave Interference What will the resultant amplitude be as these two waves overlap? 2x x

Wave Interference What will the resultant amplitude be as these two waves overlap? 3x

Test Review Optics

The Lens/Mirror Formula This formula works for ALL mirrors and lenses. It doesn’t matter if they are concave or convex. f Real Pencil Pencil’s Reflection p q

The Lens/Mirror Formula This formula works for ALL mirrors and lenses. It doesn’t matter if they are concave or convex. f Real Pencil Pencil’s Reflection p q

The Lens/Mirror Formula An object is placed 50 cm in front of a mirror with a focal length of 30 cm. What is the image distance from the mirror?

The Lens/Mirror Formula An object is placed 50 cm in front of a mirror with a focal length of 30 cm. What is the image distance from the mirror? p= 50cmf= 30cmq=?

The Lens/Mirror Formula An object is placed 50 cm in front of a mirror with a focal length of 30 cm. What is the image distance from the mirror? p= 50cmf= 30cmq=?

The Lens/Mirror Formula Find the magnification of the same mirror.

The Lens/Mirror Formula Find the magnification of the same mirror. We can find magnification by

The Lens/Mirror Formula Find the magnification of the same mirror. p= 50cmq= 75cm Magnification equals

Snell’s Law The Index of Refraction (n) tells us how fast light travels through a medium. As n gets lower, light travels faster. Light travels fastest in a vacuum.

Snell’s Law Example: A beam of light travels from crystal into water with an angle of incidence of 60° and an angle of refraction of 50°. Find the index of refraction of the crystal. (n water =1.33)

Snell’s Law Example: A beam of light travels from crystal into water with an angle of incidence of 60° and an angle of refraction of 50°. Find the index of refraction of the crystal. (n water =1.33) Snell’s Law: n 1 sinθ 1 = n 2 sinθ 2.

Snell’s Law Example: A beam of light travels from crystal into water with an angle of incidence of 60° and an angle of refraction of 50°. Find the index of refraction of the crystal. (n water =1.33) Snell’s Law: n 1 sinθ 1 = n 2 sinθ 2

Modern Physics

Half Life Over time radioactive stuff looses it’s mass because of radiation. A Half Life is the amount of time it takes for half of a sample to disappear. i.e.- If 1kg of stuff has a half life of 10min. After 10min, there is only 0.5kg left.

Half Life If a 10kg sample of a radioactive substance has a half life of 5 sec, how much will be left after 15 sec?

Half Life If a 10kg sample of a radioactive substance has a half life of 5 sec, how much will be left after 15 sec? -How many half lives go past in 15 sec?

Half Life If a 10kg sample of a radioactive substance has a half life of 5 sec, how much will be left after 15 sec? -How many half lives go past in 15 sec? 3

Half Life If a 10kg sample of a radioactive substance has a half life of 5 sec, how much will be left after 15 sec? -How many half lives go past in 15 sec? 3 So… divide 10kg by 2 three times…

Half Life If a 10kg sample of a radioactive substance has a half life of 5 sec, how much will be left after 15 sec? -How many half lives go past in 15 sec? 3 So… divide 10kg by 2 three times…

Atomic Energy Nuclear reactions can transfer matter into energy. One type of reaction is Fusion.

Atomic Energy Nuclear reactions can transfer matter into energy. One type of reaction is Fusion. An example of fusion would be two Hydrogen atoms colliding and turning into a Helium atom and releasing energy. In the sun.

Antimatter Matter and antimatter can also come together to release energy in a process called annihilation. The amount of energy released is equal to:

Antimatter Comparison of regular matter and it’s antimatter opposite… Matter vs. Antimatter MATTERANTIMATTER ElectronPositron Mass= 9.1E-31 kg Charge = NegativeCharge = Positive

Antimatter How much energy is released when an electron and positron come together and annihilate?

Antimatter How much energy is released when an electron and positron come together and annihilate?

Antimatter How much energy is released when an electron and positron come together and annihilate?

Electromagnetic Spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum comprises all the types of electromagnetic waves from radio waves to gamma rays.

Electromagnetic Spectrum All electromagnetic radiation travels at the same speed. The speed of light.

Electromagnetic Spectrum The spectrum is made up of the following kinds of waves: TYPE Radio Microwaves Infrared Visible Light Ultraviolet (UV) X-ray Gamma

Electromagnetic Spectrum The spectrum is made up of the following kinds of waves: TYPE Radio Microwaves Infrared Visible Light Ultraviolet (UV) X-ray Gamma WAVELENGTH (λ) Longest Shortest

Electromagnetic Spectrum The spectrum is made up of the following kinds of waves: TYPE Radio Microwaves Infrared Visible Light Ultraviolet (UV) X-ray Gamma WAVELENGTH (λ) Longest Shortest FREQUENCY (f) Lowest Highest

Electromagnetic Spectrum The spectrum is made up of the following kinds of waves: TYPE Radio Microwaves Infrared Visible Light Ultraviolet (UV) X-ray Gamma WAVELENGTH (λ) Longest Shortest FREQUENCY (f) Lowest Highest ENERGY Least Most

Test 20 Multiple Choice (80 pts) 1 Constructed Response (20 pts)