8th Century Muslims celebrated the end of Christianity by using pillars of a demolished church to build the ____in southern Asia Middle East – Islam took control of Jerusalem in 638 and constructed the Muslim shrine, Built on a location sacred to Jews – contained the stone Abraham had offered to sacrifice his son, Site of the 1st 2 Jewish temples 635 Nestorian Church took hold in China with permission of Tang rulers Art and literature gave Christian message using _____concepts Religious text in China’s Christian Church during Tang Rule. Referred to Christianity as “Religion of Light from the West” or “Luminous Religion” Described God as “Cool Wind” and sin as “Bad Karma” Africa – Christianity was the religion of the majority when Islam arrived 640 6th century Christianity took hold here. Kings sometimes served as priests. Armies twice defeated the Muslims. Agreement that Egypt would protect this Christian community. Protection lasted 600 years, but as Muslims in Egypt became more hostile toward Christianity and attacked them, by 1500 Christians had disappeared Here rulers of Axum had adopted Christianity by 4th century. It became an island in a sea of Islam. Here they tell the story of a queen who was seduced by Solomon and had a child Solomon was in the line of Jesus and this put rulers in this line Part of the Roman Empire in the east 4th century Constantine made ____the capital of Eastern half of the Roman Empire

Grand Mosque of Sana’a Dome of the Rock Buddhist and Daoist Jesus SutrasEgypt sNubia EthiopiaByzantineConstantinople

took the Byzantine Empire to its greatest size Had 200 years of Roman law rewritten Type of Christianity in the Byzantine Empire Ruler head of church and state but can appoint a patriarch, Easter most important holy day, Greek is the language of the church and icons (statues) not allowed Started in 1095 to help Catholic pope against Islam – forces passing through Byzantine often caused injustices against locals Forces looted and controlled Constantinople - Byzantine viewed Roman Catholics as despoilers - gap in Christianity not able to be repaired Byzantine Empire, Gold coins the ____(wearing as a pendant was a status symbol) Named after most prominent city Kiev. Built along Dnieper River linking Scandinavia and Byzantine by trade Land of slaves and freemen, polytheistic and small Jewish and Christian population Prince __of Kiev adopted Eastern Orthodox as the state religion 10th century / rejecting Islam for its ban on alcohol Married the sister o a Byzantine Emperor and acquired many Byzantine priests and advisors controlled France, Belgium, Netherlands and parts of Germany and Italy. Christmas day 800, given the title by the pope as Emperor of everything that is Christian or 1st Holy Roman Emperor

JustinianOrthodox Crusades4th crusadesbezant Kievan Rus Vladimir Charlemagne Orthodox Christianity in the Byzantine Empire

Lords give protection to lessor lords for military service and promised fiefs, peasants given protection but farm the lord’s land - Local estates and manors Modeled after the Roman Empire took over some political, administrative and educational and warfare functions Church became very wealthy and often competed with state authority for control Western Europe’s population grew from 35 million in 1000 to 80 million by 1340 Agriculture revolution compared to China’s at the same time 1300 the forest covering Europe had been reduced to 20% of land area. Stimulated long distance trade. Italy (Florence, genoa, and Venice would be trading centers Laywomen who practiced celibacy and devoted themselves to weaving, caring for the sick and old Italian merchant went to China, served the Great Khan / Kublai Khan 13th century, gave logic to Christian doctrine – a new emphasis on human rational will give rise to the Scientific Revolution What advantage did the Byzantine Empire have that enabled it to survive as a political entity for a thousand years longer than the western part of the Roman Empire” Long term effect of___. Spain, Sicily, and the Baltic region permanently joined the world of Western Christendom Technological changes in which field limited women’s opportunities in Western Europe by the fifteenth century?

High middle Ages Roman Catholic Church BeguinesMarco Polo Thomas Aquinas Stronger Military Crusades in Europe Weaving Feudalism

Besides Islam, which of the following was also a target of Western European crusaders? Contributed to the decline of Christianity in Asia and Africa by 1500 Outside of Europe, the strongest presence of Christianity from 500 to 1300 was in In Western Europe from 1000 to 1300, power was divided among In which civilization was the rationalism and secularism of Greek thought used to explain religious doctrines?

EthiopiaRise of Islam kings, nobles, and church leaders Western Europe Eastern Orthodox Christianity