Contributions of the Islamic Empire
Architecture The most important contribution is the mosque Mosques are the center of the worship Many were converted Christian churches
Calligraphy Greek for “beautiful writing” Considered the highest form of Art Believed that Allah used the Arabic language to recite the Qur’an to Muhammad Calligraphy adorned architecture, art, coins, jewelry, textiles, weapons, tools, paintings, and manuscrips
Painting Discouraged use of pictorial images Opted for calligraphy and geometric shapes If used pictures they were secular (non- religious) Example- human body in a medical book
Carpet Carpet weaving was unique and artistic Highly valued in the West Introduced by Italian merchants
Medicine Pioneered practice of diagnosis, cure, and future prevention First hospital in Islamic world was in Damascus in 707 Hygiene was emphasized Open 24 hours a day Al Razi diagnosed chickenpox
Strides in Medicine Treatments for smallpox and measles Observations made in hay fever, kidney stones, and scabies First to use opium as an anesthetic Discovered tuberculosis
Astronomy Muslim calendar was based on lunar calendar Wanted to predict the arrival of the new moon to mark a month Map the coordinates of the stars Estimated the Earth’s atmosphere within 2 km Astrolabe invented which was used until telescope
Mathematics Introduced algebra Arabic numerals were introduced to Eurpe Algorithms Developed trigonometry First to use concept of sines and cotangents Developed early form of calculus
Philosophy Argument over philosophy and theology Arguments over faith versus reason
Sources of Images used Architecture munity.com/pc/pc/ display/ munity.com/pc/pc/ display/ Calligraphy a.com/items/flickr a.com/items/flickr Atrolabe Art a.com/items/flickr a.com/items/flickr Carpet /exhibitions/2004/art exchange/artexcha nge_ss.htm /exhibitions/2004/art exchange/artexcha nge_ss.htm Medicine Med.wayne.edu