Lesson 1 “Carbs, Fats, and Proteins” Pages
What is nutrition? Nutrition is the science or study of food and the ways in which the body uses food. Nutrients are substances in food that provide energy or help form body tissues and are necessary for life and growth. What are the six classes of nutrients? Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water Make sure to eat a balanced diet!
All about carbohydrates… What are the two types of carbohydrates? Sugars ( glucose, fructose, lactose, and sucrose) Simple Carbs Starches Fiber Complex Carbs Why do we need carbs? -Provides major source of energy to the body - Essential for digestion (fiber) - May help prevent certain cancers and heart disease
All about fats or lipids or triglycerides… Saturated Fats Solid at room temperature Mostly from animal foods Also, coconut and palm oil Too much of this type of fat causes weight gain Unsaturated Fats Polyunsaturated fats and omega 3 fats are good for you More common in plants Tend to be liquid at room temperature Olive oil, canola oil, and peanut oil Cholesterol Another type of lipid Needed to make vitamin D, cell membranes and certain hormones LDL = bad cholesterol and causes plaque to form in arteries HDL = good cholesterol and helps reduce risk of heart disease Why do we need fat? -Cushions your body’s organs -Helps keep your body’s temperature under control - Need to make hormones - Forms coating on nerves -Makes food taste better
All about proteins… Proteins are made up of chains of molecules called amino acids Twenty different amino acids make up the body 9 of the amino acids cannot be made by our bodies (essential amino acids) Protein comes from both animal and plant foods Animal proteins contain all the essential amino acids so animal proteins are called complete proteins Most plant proteins have smaller amounts of some of the essential amino acids so these proteins are called incomplete proteins You must have all the essential amino acids to be healthy Why do we need proteins? -Your muscles, skin, hair and nails are mostly made up of protein - Makes hormones -Makes enzymes - Makes antibodies
Identifying Proteins, Fats and Carbs activity Get out a piece of paper and number it to 10 You will see a food on the following 10 slides If you think a food is more than one nutrient group, you might be right! It is your task to label it correctly using the following key At the end, we will review the correct answers SCS = Simple carbohydrate- sugar CCF= Complex carb- Fiber CCS= Complex carb- starch UF = Unsaturated fat SF= Saturated fat CP = complete protein IP = incomplete protein
#1 SC = Simple carbohydrate- sugar CCS= Complex carb- starch UF = Unsaturated fat SF= Saturated fat CCF= Complex carb- Fiber CP = complete protein IP = incomplete protein
#2 SC = Simple carbohydrate- sugar CCS= Complex carb- starch UF = Unsaturated fat SF= Saturated fat CCF= Complex carb- Fiber CP = complete protein IP = incomplete protein
#3 SC = Simple carbohydrate- sugar CCS= Complex carb- starch UF = Unsaturated fat SF= Saturated fat CCF= Complex carb- Fiber CP = complete protein IP = incomplete protein
#4 SC = Simple carbohydrate- sugar CCS= Complex carb- starch UF = Unsaturated fat SF= Saturated fat CCF= Complex carb- Fiber CP = complete protein IP = incomplete protein
#5 SC = Simple carbohydrate- sugar CCS= Complex carb- starch UF = Unsaturated fat SF= Saturated fat CCF= Complex carb- Fiber CP = complete protein IP = incomplete protein
#6 SC = Simple carbohydrate- sugar CCS= Complex carb- starch UF = Unsaturated fat SF= Saturated fat CCF= Complex carb- Fiber CP = complete protein IP = incomplete protein
#7 SC = Simple carbohydrate- sugar CCS= Complex carb- starch UF = Unsaturated fat SF= Saturated fat CCF= Complex carb- Fiber CP = complete protein IP = incomplete protein
#8 SC = Simple carbohydrate- sugar CCS= Complex carb- starch UF = Unsaturated fat SF= Saturated fat CCF= Complex carb- Fiber CP = complete protein IP = incomplete protein
#9 SC = Simple carbohydrate- sugar CCS= Complex carb- starch UF = Unsaturated fat SF= Saturated fat CCF= Complex carb- Fiber CP = complete protein IP = incomplete protein
#10 SC = Simple carbohydrate- sugar CCS= Complex carb- starch UF = Unsaturated fat SF= Saturated fat CCF= Complex carb- Fiber CP = complete protein IP = incomplete protein