Ontology Design Using Topic Maps in Korean Cultural Artifacts Domain Sam Oh, Professor Sungkyunkwan University Email: samoh@skku.edu Homepage: http://lis.skku.ac.kr/ohs/

Presentation Outline Brief Introduction to Topic Maps Modeling Korean Folk Music (Pansori) Using Topic Maps Modeling Korean Cultural Artifacts Using Topic Maps

Topic Maps Background Committee Draft published February 2005 ISO Standard Published as ISO/IEC 13250 in 2000 XTM Topic maps (XTM)1.0 specification in 2001 by Topicmap.org ISO/IEC 13250:2003 now includes XTM 1.0 TMQL (Topic Map Query Language) – ISO 18048 Committee Draft published February 2005 TMCL (Topic Map Constraint Language) – ISO 19756 XML as the main topic map syntax and is supported by nearly all topic map tools.

What is the Purpose of Topic Maps? To collocate related resources about a subject To support the distributed management of information and knowledge To organize large bodies of information To capture organizational memory To represent complex rules and processes To support concept-based eLearning To aggregate information and knowledge = Seamless Knowledge

Topic Map Model (Index) Knowledge Layer (Content) Information Layer

The Information Layer The lower layer contains the content usually digital, but need not be can be in any format or notation can be text, graphics, video, audio, etc. Information Layer

The Knowledge Layer The upper layer consists of topics and associations Topics represent the subjects that the information is about Associations represent relationships between those subjects knowledge layer

- Topics - Associations - Occurrences TAO of Topic Maps - Topics - Associations - Occurrences

Topics A topic is a machine-processable representation of a concept.

University of Washington Topics XMDR Metadata Registry University of Washington Seattle Stuart Sutton John Miller

Topic Names A topic may have multiple names Multiple natural languages Synonyms Base Name(Required) Each name may have variants Display Name (Optional) Sort Name (Optional)

Topic Types Metadata Registry John Miller LIS550 Seattle Stuart Kim XMDR [project] Metadata Registry LIS550 [course] Seattle [region] Stuart Kim [professor] John Miller

Topic types A topic type represents the class of which the topic is an instance, e.g. the topic Stuart Kim is of type “professor” the topic XMDR is of type “project” Topic typing has standard type-instance (or class-instance) semantics CAUTION! This is not the same as the supertype-subtype (or subtypeOf) relationship... You must not use topic typing to state that “a professor is a person” A special kind of association The relationship between a topic and its type is actually just a privileged kind of association Topic types are also topics You can define whatever types you need for your application

Occurrences Relationships between information resources and subjects Those resources can be internal or external to the topic map In most cases they are external

Occurrence Type

Associations Relationships between subjects A network of subjects The relationships between the subjects are clearly defined

Metadata Registry Project Association takes John Miller LIS550 teaches involved in Metadata Registry Project Stuart Kim

Association Role

Instances of TAO

Linking the Layers Through Occurrences takes Student John Miller Knowledge Layer Course LIS 550 Course teaches Project Involved in Metadata Registry Project Primary Investigator Professor Stuart Kim Information Layer

Topic Maps Modeling of Korean Folk Music (Pansori)

Relational Schema for Topic Maps

Pansori Basename Table

Pansori Association Table

Pansori Association Role Table

Pansori Occurrence Table

Pansori Domain – TM Modeling KangSan-Je (Sect) Soonchang(Region) Present (Genealogy) famous for belongs to appears in Man-Jung ChunHyang Editorials (Editorials) is a member of has editorials ChunHyang-Ga(Pansori) teacher-student NJ Park SH Cho (Singer) composed-by JH Shin (Composer) exponent of KR Song consists of is a dunum of singer-part Singer – Genealoty (Is a member of) – Has Members (Singer – Genealogy) Singer – Singer (Teacher-Student) (Student of / Teacher of) – Student/Teacher Singer – Sect (Belongs to) – (Has Singers) (Singer – Sect) Singer – Tone – (Singer-Tone) -(Exponent of) (Represented by) – Singer/Tone Singer – Part – (Singer-Part)- (Exponent of) (Represented by) – Singer/Part Singer-Pansori – (Exponent of) (Represented by) – Singer – Pansori Part-Rhythm (Part-Rhythm) – (Matches with) (Is a a rhythm of) – Part/Rhythm Pansori-Rhythm (Pansori-Rhythm) – (Matches with) (Is a rhythm of) – Pansori/Rhythm Tone – Parts (Part-Tone) – (Matches with) (Is a tone of) – Tone/Parts Pansori-Part (Consists of) (Consists in) – Pansori - Part Tambour-Rhythm (Is a tambour of) (has tambours) – (Tambour/Rhythm) Pansori-Tambour (Played by) Plays (Pansori/Tambour) Pansori-Body (Contains Bodies) (Is a body of) (Pansori-Body) Pansori-Dunum(Contains Dunums) (Is a dunum of) (Pansori-Dunum) Pansori-Composer (Composed-By) (Composed) (Pansori/Composer) Pansori-Editorials (Has Editorials) (is an editorial of) – (Pansori/Editorials) Pansori-Region (Located In) (Is a locator of) – (Pansori/Region) Pansori-Sect (Appears in sects) (Is a sect of) – (Pansori/Sect) matches with singer-tone played-by is a body of part-rhythm SS An's Love Song (Dunum) part-tone tambour-rhythm SeolRyong-Ge(Tone) Jung-Mo-Li (Rhythm) MH Kim (Tambour) AS Han's Chunghyang-Ga (Body) Sarang-Ga(Part)

Pansori Occurrence Mapping KangSan-Je (Sect) Soonchang(Region) Present (Genealogy) famous for belongs to Appears in is a member of has editorials Man-Jung ChunHyang Editorials (Editorials) ChunHyang-Ga(Pansori) teacher-student Park, NJ composed-By Shin, JH (Composer) exponent of Song, KR consists of is a dunum of singer-part matches with singer-tone played-by is a body of 토픽에 적잡해보이는 information resource가 나타나는부분 part-rhythm part-tone tambour-rhythm Jung-Mo-Li (Rhythm) SeolRyong-Ge(Tone) Kim, MH (Tambour) Sarang-Ga(Part)

Pansori Occurrence Types KangSan-Je (Sect) Soonchang(Region) Present (Genealogy) Famous in belongs to appears in Real name Pen name is a member of Has editorials Man-Jung ChunHyang Editorials (사설집) Nick name Biography ChunHyang-Ga(Pansori) Birthplace Activity year teacher-student Park, Nokju Position Composed-By A date of birth Shin, Jaehyo (Composer) exponent of Website Image Song, Kwangrok consists of Sound Album Is a dunum of singer-part Mathes with Producing year singer-tone Introduction Played by Is a body of 토픽에 적잡해보이는 information resource가 나타나는부분 part-rhythm Contents Video part-tone Tambour-Rhythm Geneaology Book SeolRyong-Ge(Tone) Jung-Mo-Li (Rhythm) Structure Kim, Myunghwan (Tambour) Article Sarang-Ga(Part) Critique Paper

Pansori Domain TM Structures Topic Types Association Types Occurrence Types ◦ Je ◦ Sect ◦ KangSan-Je ◦ DongPyon-Je ◦ DongCho-Je ◦ SeoPyon-Je ◦ ChungGo-Je ◦ People ◦ Tambour ◦ Composer  ◦ Singer ◦ Singer genealogy ◦ Pansori Type ◦ Creative Pansori ◦ Pansori ◦ Dan-Ga ◦ Byon-Chang  ◦ SeungDo-Chang ◦ Chang-Guk ◦ Part  ◦ Body  ◦ Rhythm ◦ Tone  ◦ Region ◦ Editorials  ◦ Pansori Elements ◦ Appears in ◦ Belongs to ◦ Composed by ◦ Consists of ◦ Exponent of ◦ Famous in ◦ Has Editorials ◦ Hierarchical relationship ◦ Is a body of ◦ Is a dunum of ◦ Is a member of ◦ Matches with ◦ Part-Rhythm ◦ Part-Tone ◦ Played by ◦ Singer-Part ◦ Singer-Tone ◦ Tambour-Rhythm ◦ Teacher-Student ◦ Contents ◦ Concert ◦ Article ◦ Paper ◦ Work Structure ◦ Nick Name ◦ Real Name ◦ Image ◦ Sound  ◦ Introduction ◦ Genealogy ◦ Producing Year ◦ Book ◦ Type ◦ Position ◦ Editorial ◦ Video  ◦ Critique  ◦ Prize ◦ Albums ◦ Web site ◦ Homepage ◦ Date Of Birth ◦ Activities Year ◦ Birth Place ◦ Pen Name

ERD Modeling Region famous for Editorials Pansori Type has editorials matches with played by Dan-Ga Byon -Chang  SeungDo -Chang Creative Pansori Pansori Rhythm Is a dunum of consists of Is a body of part-rhythm Dunum tambour-rhythm Part Tambour appears in People Body Part-Tone composed by Composer Je Chunggo exponent of Sect singer-part Dongcho Singer Singer-Part ◦ Singer-Tone ◦ belongs to Tone Kangsan singer-tone teacher-student Seopyon Is a member of Dongpyon Singer genealogy Cheon-Ju Nam-Won Former Latter Modern Present

UML Modeling Category Album Article Book Concert Content Critiques Editorial Genealogy Image Introduction Paper Producing Year Sound Type Video Website Work Structure Dan- Ga Region UML Modeling m Byong -Chang Editorials Introduction Content m n Rhythm Person ActivityYears Biography Album Article BirthPlace Book Concert DateofBirth Homepage Image Nickname Paper PenName Position Prizes Real name Sound Video Website n n SeongDo- Chang m m Tambour Creative Pansori n m Composer n n 1 n Part 1 n m n Pansori 1 n 1 1 Singer n m m m 1 n n m n Du-Num Singers from the Cheon-Ju Dae-Sa-Sup Pansori Contest Singers from the National Namwon Pansori Contest n DongCho-Je Body Je Introduction n ChungGo-Je 1 Sect 1 KangSan-Je Singer Genealogy Introduction n Tone Sound SeoPyon-Je n Namwon Former Cheon-Ju Latter Modern Present DongPyon-Je

Topic Maps-Driven Pansori Site

Pansori Search Examples

Search Scenario #1 Search for famous singers and works of Dong-Pyon-Je

Search Scenario #2 Search for the generation to which NokJu Park (박녹주) belongs, and find three singers in the same generation

TM-Enabled Pansori Systems Using Omnigator http://tms.metaontology.net/ Running Site http://61.97.135.247:8080/pansori/

Modeling Korea Cultural Artifacts Using Topic Maps

Topic Maps Modeling Cho-Sun Dynasty Record (Archives) Recorded in 3rd grade social (Curriculum) Kum-Kang (landscape) Included in Drawn by Included in Jung-Sun (People) Kyong-Bok (Palace) Seoul (Region) Included in Se-Jo (People) located in transmits Has Affiliated assets ChongMyo Je-Rye (Traditional Music) Categorized in Created by Is constructed in Historical Place (Assignment) Tae-Jo (People) Cho-Sun (Period)

Topics to Occurrences Mapping Cho-Sun Dynasty Record (Archives) Recorded in 3rd grade social (Curriculum) Kum-Kang (landscape) Included in Drawn by Included in Jung-Sun (People) Kyong-Bok (Palace) Seoul (Region) Included in Se-Jo (People) located in transmits Has affiliated assets ChongMyo Je-Rye (Traditional Music) Categorized in Created by Is constructed in Historical Place (Assignment) Tae-Jo (People) Cho-Sun (Period)

Topic Maps Modeling Definition Cho-Sun Dynasty Record Scale (Archives) Recorded in Definition Cho-Sun Dynasty Record (Archives) Scale VariantName mapViewer 3rd grade social (Curriculum) Kum-Kang (landscape) VRViewer Characteristics Drawn by Included in RelationAssets Category Included in Jung-Sun (People) Survey Authoriy Se-Jo (People) Kyong-Bok (Palace) Standard Seoul (Region) transmits Included in InformationGuide ChongMyo Je-Rye (Traditional Music) located in Homepage Significant Has affiliated assets Categorized in Image Created by Education Definition Variant name characteri Article Grade Is constructed in Tae-Jo (People) Historical Place (Assignment) Paper Curriculum Location Unit Cho-Sun (Period) Owner Substance DesignateDay URL Manager E-learning

ERD Modeling People Seoul transmits Jeju Cuccirulum Palace Drawn by Politics Region Place ChunBuk Gate Included in Tomb KyongBuk Royal Tomb Has affiliated assets Land scape Created by Family Tomb Asset ChungBuk Relics Located in Sculpture Seoul Industrial Arts Is constructed in Jeju Period 지정: 국가지정, 유네스코 지정 문화재: 유적(정치 (궁궐,성gate),무덤(왕실무덤) , 주거(주거건축, 주거지))유물 (하위: 회화(하위: 산수화, 인물화, 벽화), 조각(석조, 목조, 금속조), 공예 (목공예, 칠공예, 화각장공예, 초고공예), 무형유산, (연행 (음악, 무용, 연희), 음식(궁중, 의례) 인물(People) 지역: 서울, 대구, 부산, 인천, 광주, 경북, 경남, 제주, 전북, 전남, 충북, 충남, 경기, 강원, 대전 시대:선사, 석기, 청동기, 철기, 삼한, 삼국, 고구려, 백제, 신라, 가야, 발해, 통일신라, 고려, 조선, 일제, 미상 기록물 Music ChunBuk Intangible Assets Is categorized in Dance National Category KyongBuk Recorded in Convention UNESCO ChungBuk Archives

UML Modeling Palace Politics Assets Definition Variant Name Characteristics Relation Assets Survey Information guide Homepage Image Article Paper Location Owner Designate day Manager Scale mapViewer VRViewer Place Curriculum Education Grade Unit Substance URL E-learning Gate Tomb Royal Tomb m Land scape n Family Tomb Relics Sculpture n People Industrial Arts m n Seoul 1 Music m Jeju m Intangible Assets Dance Region ChunBuk 1 n m Convention n m KyongBuk m m Archives Category n ChungBuk Period National Definition Category Authority Standard Significance UNESCO Seoul Jeju ChunBuk KyongBuk ChungBuk

TM Advantages Rich Representation of Relationships Flexible Schema Semantic Data Modeling Fully Implemented Flexible Application Structure Flexible Extension Rich Representation of Relationships No need to lose meaningful relationships between classes May lead to better performance for navigation and IR Less time and effort for a database designer

Full TM Modeling of Korea Cultural Artifacts Topic Topic Type Full TM Modeling of Korea Cultural Artifacts Association 연관관계 김홍도 인물 세조 인물 종묘 궁궐 판소리 전통음악 보신각 의식법구 초등3사회 교과과정 단원풍속도첩 풍속화 보물 국가지정 종묘제례악 전통음악 종묘제례 전통의식 초등6사회 교과과정 태조 인물 중요무형문화재 국가지정 흥인지문 성 경복궁 궁궐 조선왕조실록 기록물 조선왕조실록 기록물 사적 국가지정 봉산탈춤 전통연희 경주석빙고 관아 경회루 궁궐 고1사회 교과과정 중2도덕 교과과정 인왕재색도 산수화 조선 시대 돈화문 궁궐 금강전도 신수화 창덕궁 궁궐 서울 지역 정선 인물 인정전 궁궐 숭례문 성 초등4사회 교과과정 부석사 조사당벽화 벽화 세계문화유산 유네스코지정 고려 시대 중1사회 교과과정 통일신라 시대 석굴암 불교 태종 인물 경상북도 지역 하회탈 병신탈 유희용구 석가탑 불교탑 국보 국가지정 금관 금속공예 불국사 불교 김대성 인물 하회마을 주거건축 천마총 왕식무덤 중1국어 교과과정 다보탑 불교탑 성덕왕신종 의식법구 천마도장니 영묘화조화 안압지 유물산포지 경주첨성대 천문지리기구 금모 금속공예 중요민속자료 국가지정 삼국사기 기록물 삼국사기 기록물 문무왕 인물 경덕왕 인물

Thanks!! Any Questions?