Judaism, Christianity, Islam Western Religions Judaism, Christianity, Islam

Abraham Seen as founder of Judaism, Christianity, & Islam Jews= God’s chosen people Sealed a Covenant w/ God Descendants= Isrealites Names for God= Yahweh, Jehovah, Elohim, God

Judaism Monotheistic= believe in one god Follow prophets: Moses & Abraham Sacred texts: Torah (first 5 books of Bible, Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy) 10 Commandments= foundation for Jewish law God’ Law & basic moral code for Jews, Christians, & Muslims

Judaism 15-16 million followers Jewish= religion & ethnic heritage (Israel) 3 types: Orthodox: Modern, & Chasidic (Ultra Orthodox) Reformed: German Conservative: 20th century American

Jewish Beliefs Torah “Written Law” & Talmud “Verbal Law”= 613 Commandments & how to apply God’s law to everyday life: Dietary rules= Kosher; clean vs. unclean animal=(no pork) Dress & Appearance Prayer & devotion to the one God Temple services Observance of Holy days Bar/Bat Mitvah= full adult w/ religious spiritual responsibilities

Activity!!! Groups will read & analyze the 10 commandments Develop a list of how each commandment still influences our morals, ethics, & laws today….even people who are not Jewish, Christian or Muslim!

http://youtu.be/-5AjMYNxYnQ This is the way we Jew it http://youtu.be/qUCNAnp2QAI Hannukah Song

Christianity

Warm Up! Journal Entry/ Discussion Question: “What does the Eastern concept of reincarnation offer people that the Western concept of "heaven" does not? In other words, why would some people believe in reincarnation over an afterlife?” Write the prompt and a 2 - 3 sentence response 5 Mins…..GO!

Basics of Christianity Followed by 1/3 of world population! Based on the life, teachings, death and resurrection of a first century Jew (Jesus), believed to be the Christ (Messiah, Savior) by his followers (called “Christians”)

Jesus Prophet Messiah Mortal man Son of God Healer Performed miracles Jewish teacher and reformer who became the focus of the new religion of Christianity Prophet Messiah Mortal man Son of God Healer Performed miracles

Historic Crucifixion http://www.history.com/shows/the-bible/videos/the-bible-recap-hour-9

Beliefs Christ= born of virgin, fulfills prophecy Jesus= Son of God; fully God & fully human Jesus= savior of humanity by sacrifice on cross Resurrected from the dead so we may have eternal life (Heaven) Jesus will come again as Messiah to judge living & dead “end of days”

What do Christians Believe? Original sin: all humanity is inherently separated from God by sin The sacrifice of Jesus – death on cross= ultimate sacrifice for human sin Heaven & Hell: Eternal life for those who are saved Eternal damnation for those who are not saved

Christianity God in three forms: Holy Trinity Sacred text: Bible ( Old testament & New testament) Religion spread by Paul throughout Roman empire Punishable by death God in three forms: Holy Trinity Father: resides in Heaven Son: Jesus, came down from Heaven, lived & died for us Holy Spirit: spirit of God within everyone who accepts Him Christians

How do Christians practice their Faith? Sacraments: Baptism Communion Confirmation Confession of sins Sabbath: celebrated Sundays with prayer, scripture readings, singing hymns, sermon Christianity spread quickly because it was open to anyone, offered a message of forgiveness, & offered life after death

Judaism & Christianity Both

Christianity & Judaism Older than Christianity Jesus & apostles= Jewish Believe Jesus was only good, wise man Still awaiting their messiah Not concerned w salvation & the end of days Jesus= Son of God, savior of man Salvation through Christ= only way into Heaven No reincarnation Heaven or Hell afterlife

Islam

Islam & Christianity FYI Islam= “Peace” , “Submission” Muslim= “Submitter” Abraham’s 2 sons: Issac the Hebrews (Judaism & Christianity) Ishmael the Arabs (Islam)

Beginnings of Islam Muhammad= prophet/ founder of Islam (570-632) Lived near Mecca, Arabia Orphaned @ 6 yrs old Mecca became center of religious pilgrimage for Islamists Tomb next to Muhammad is empty waiting for prophet, Jesus to return God= Allah

Muslim Beliefs One god (Allah) Prophets Sacred texts: Qur’an (Koran) Abraham, Moses, David, Jesus, Muhammad… Sacred texts: Qur’an (Koran) End times Resurrection, Judgment day, Heaven & Hell

5 Pillars of Islam 1. Witness: 2. Prayer 5 times every day There is no God but THE God , Allah & Muhammad is the prophet of Allah 2. Prayer 5 times every day 3. Give alms to the poor & needy 4. Fasting sun up to sun down during holy month of Ramadan 5. Pilgrimage to Mecca (at least once in lifetime of Muslim)

Worship Mosque: place for prayer, worship, studying Islam Women cover head, separate from men Worshippers must face towards the direction of Mecca No pork, gambling, intoxication, fornications