In order for news to be useful, it must be reported in a clear, organized manner that includes visual presentations, such as this graph.

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Presentation transcript:

In order for news to be useful, it must be reported in a clear, organized manner that includes visual presentations, such as this graph.

Scientists can organize their data by using data tables and graphs. Organizing Data

Data Tables The simplest way to organize data is to present them in a table. Tables relate two variables—a manipulated variable (location) & a dependent variable (average annual precipitation). Organizing Data

Line Graphs A line graph is useful for showing changes that occur in related variables. In a line graph, the manipulated variable is generally plotted on the horizontal axis, or x-axis.In a line graph, the manipulated variable is generally plotted on the horizontal axis, or x-axis. The responding variable is plotted on the vertical axis, or y-axis, of the graph.The responding variable is plotted on the vertical axis, or y-axis, of the graph. Organizing Data

Sometimes the data points in a graph yield a straight line. The steepness, or slope, of this line is the ratio of a vertical change to the corresponding horizontal change.The steepness, or slope, of this line is the ratio of a vertical change to the corresponding horizontal change. The formula for the slope of the line isThe formula for the slope of the line is Organizing Data

Plotting the mass of water against the volume of water yields a straight line. Organizing Data

A direct proportion is a relationship in which the ratio of two variables is constant. The relationship between the mass and the volume of water is an example of a direct proportion. A 3-cubic-centimeter sample of water has a mass of 3 grams.A 3-cubic-centimeter sample of water has a mass of 3 grams. A 6-cubic-centimeter sample of water has a mass of 6 grams.A 6-cubic-centimeter sample of water has a mass of 6 grams. A 9-cubic-centimeter sample of water has a mass of 9 grams.A 9-cubic-centimeter sample of water has a mass of 9 grams.

This graph shows how the flow rate of a water faucet affects the time required to fill a 1-gallon pot. Organizing Data

An inverse proportion is a relationship in which the product of two variables is a constant. A flow rate of 0.5 gallon per minute will fill the pot in 2 minutes.A flow rate of 0.5 gallon per minute will fill the pot in 2 minutes. A flow rate of 1 gallon per minute will fill the pot in 1 minute.A flow rate of 1 gallon per minute will fill the pot in 1 minute. A flow rate of 2 gallons per minute will fill the pot in 0.5 minute.A flow rate of 2 gallons per minute will fill the pot in 0.5 minute.

The table shows the data transfer rates for modems used in home computers. Data transfer rates are often measured in kilobits per second, or kbps. The time required to upload a 1-megabyte (MB) file is given for each rate listed. Organizing Data

Graph of the data in the table: Graph of the data in the table:

2. Inferring How would doubling the data transfer rate affect the upload time? Answer: Doubling the data transfer rate would halve the upload time. Organizing Data

Bar Graphs A bar graph is often used to compare a set of measurements, amounts, or changes. Organizing Data

Circle Graphs If you think of a pie cut into pieces, you have a mental model of a circle graph. A circle graph shows how a part or share of something relates to the whole. Organizing Data