American Imperialism China /The Caribbean / Mexico When a nation feels its national best interests are at stake, does it have the right to compromise another nation’s state of existence? Focus Question

American Imperialism 1890 to 1920 Mr. Verria /North Kingstown High School China

During the late 1800’s China was carved into spheres of influence by many European countries. American Imperialism: China

The United States pressed for an open door trade policy in China. The most productive industrial nation in the world, the United States knew that an free and open trade would benefit their country. American Imperialism: China

Tired of outside control of their country, the Chinese Boxers initiated a campaign of murder, eventually targeting foreigners. By mid-August an international coalition succeeded in driving the Boxers out of Peking. American Imperialism: China

As punishment for the Boxer Rebellion, the Chinese government had to pay $333 million to foreign powers, and expand the trade privileges of the victor nations. American Imperialism: China The U.S. used the some of the proceeds for Chinese students to attend U.S. colleges.

In his second set of Open Door notes, Hay sought ways to “preserve Chinese territorial and administrative entity.” American Imperialism: China

To impress the world with the United States capabilities and might, President Roosevelt sent the Great White Fleet on a world wide mission. American Imperialism: China

Was the United States imperialistic in its treatment before, during and after the Boxer Rebellion? U.S. Imperialism and China Focus Question

American Imperialism The Caribbean / Panama Mr. Verria / North Kingstown High School

The Caribbean received much attention during the early 1900’s. This was perhaps more true with Panama than any other area in the region.

The Oregon’s trip around South America in 1898 proved to many the need for a canal connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. American Imperialism The Caribbean / Focus Panama

The Hay Pauncefote Treaty gave the U.S. the rights to build the canal, making the Clayton- Bulwer Treaty (1850) null and void. American Imperialism The Caribbean / Focus Panama The location of the canal, however, continued to be a subject of debate.

American Imperialism Panama The U.S. negotiated with Columbia, of which Panama was apart. The Columbians held out for more money. President Roosevelt lost patience and supported an induced revolution in Panama. Upon the revolution’s successful completion, the U.S. quickly recognized the new nation, reaching an agreement for building the canal.

Though privately Theodore Roosevelt exclaimed he had “took the canal,” publicly he denied such thoughts. Either way...

… construction of the canal began in earnest.

American Imperialism Panama Canal Construction Despite the efforts of medical and engineering personnel (Dr. Carlos Finlay, Dr. Walter Reed, William Gorgas,) 5,600 construction workers died of Yellow Fever building the canal.

American Imperialism Roosevelt Corollary / Dollar Diplomacy The Roosevelt Corollary established the U.S. as the self-proclaimed policeman of the Western Hemisphere. Under President Taft, dollar diplomacy used financial resources to influence outlying areas without actually controlling them.

American Imperialism Whether the strategy was that of a “policeman,” a diplomat, a warrior, or a missionary, the United States continued to pursue the path of imperialism.

American Imperialism Mexico: on the Eve of the Great War

American Imperialism Mexico in Revolution Porfirio Diaz Francisco Madero Victoriano Huerta Pancho Villa

American Imperialism Mexico in Revolution: The U.S. Reaction While tempted to act, President Wilson practiced what became known as “watchful waiting.” When Woodrow Wilson did react after the Tampico incident (occupying Vera Cruz,) the ABC powers mediated a peace settlement.

World War I The greatest test of American foreign policy was on the Horizon

American Imperialism China /The Caribbean / Mexico When a nation feels its national best interests are at stake, does it have the right to compromise another nation’s state of existence? Focus Question