DO NOW Without using your book what are the three branches of Natural Science? Earth and Space, Life, Physical

Physical Science Space and Time Matter and Change Forces and Motion Energy

Scientific Method An organized plan for gathering, organizing, and communicating information Step 1: Ask a question. Step 2: Make an observation Step 3: Form a Hypothesis

Scientific Method Step 4: Test your hypothesis (Experiment) Step 5: Analyze Results Step 6: Draw Conclusions Step 7: Communicate results and develop a Theory

Theory versus Law Scientific Theory: a well-tested explanation for a set of observations or experimental results.  This is created when a hypothesis has been supported in repeated experiments Scientific Law: describes an observed pattern in nature without attempting to explain it.

Scientific Models Make it easier to understand things that might be too difficult to observe directly.

A way of expressing a number between 1 and 10 and a power of 10. Can be used for very large or very small numbers. 400,000,000 can be expressed 4.0 x can be expressed 7.0 x Scientific Notation

50,000,000= 5.0 x ,000= 9.0 x = 3.0 x = 2.0 x ,000,000,000=2.3 x ,000= 4.5 x 10 5 Write the Scientific Notation for the following numbers

When you are asked to multiply two numbers in scientific notations, multiple the numbers in front and then add the notations. (3.0 x 10 9 ) x (5.0 x 10 3 ) = 15.0 x =1.5 x Multiplying

When you are asked to divide two numbers in scientific notations, divide the numbers in front and then subtract the notations. (9.0 x 10 9 ) / (3.0 x 10 3 ) = 3.0 x 10 6 Dividing

SI – International System of units Length – straight-line distance between 2 points  meter Mass – the quantity of matter in an object  Kilogram SI Units for Measurement

Volume- amount of space taken up by an object. Cubic meters m 3 Density – ratio of an objects mass to its volume.  Kilograms per cubic meter kg/m 3 SI Units

Time- Seconds s Temperature- kelvin K Amount of substance- mole mol Electric Current- ampere A SI Units

Giga- Mega- Kilo- Deci- Centi- Milli- Micro- Nano- SI Prefixes

Precision- gauge of how exact a measurement is.  The more significant figures in a number the more precise the number.  The precision of a calculation is limited to the least precise number in the calculation.  x = Limits of Measurement

DO NOW Take out your homework Write the following in scientific notation

Accuracy- the closeness of a measurement to the actual value of what is being measured. Limits of Measurement

Measuring Temperature Thermometers:  Bulb thermometers consist of a sealed, narrow glass tube, called a capillary tube. As the temperature changes, the volume of the liquid changes.  K= o C  F= 9/5 o C o

Organizing Data Use data tables and graphs. Make it easier to visualize the patterns and changes.

Line Graph shows changes that occur in related variables (often time). Slope = Rise/Run Direct proportion- ratio of the variables is constant. Inverse proportion- relationship where the product of the two variables is constant.

Bar Graph Used to compare a set of measurements, amounts, or change.

Circle Graph Sometimes called Pie Chart Parts related to a whole

Communicating Data Scientific Journals Conferences