World History Chapter 26
Imperialism – countries competing for land Happened for several reasons: 1. Because of I.R., countries needed to find resources 2. No industrialized nation wanted to depend on any other So, countries started taking control of weaker nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America because: 1. They wanted to sell their own products to these countries and gain a monopoly 2. Having colonies increased prestige 3. Colonies could become a source of troops 4. Colonies could be used for refueling of naval ships 5. Could convert non-Christians to Christianity
France imperialized Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia(in Africa) Britain got the Island of Cyprus, Egypt, Sudan, and the Congo Germany got territory in west Africa Spain got northern Morocco Italy got Tripoli and renamed it Libya Competition was fierce, but no war so far Britain extended into India Japan never imperialized but went to war with China over ports in Korea (Sino-Japanese War) and won access to Korea and Liaodong
Russia and France didn’t want Japan in Liaodong so they forced them out and made China pay money U.S., U.K., and Germany compete for the Samoan Islands U.S. wins control of Hawaii 1898 U.S. goes to war with Spain over Guam and the Philippines and wins Spain loses Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Wake Island to U.S.
James Monroe – created the Monroe Doctrine in 1823 that stated that the US would not interfere in European affairs but would intervene if Europe bothered any American nation U.S. built the Panama Canal to protect its empire Originally, Colombia controlled Panama Panama revolted, won its independence (with help from US) U.S. bought and built strip of land for canal
Mexico underwent several government changes in early 1900s Victoriano Huerta gained control President Woodrow Wilson wanted to overthrow Huerta (worried about $) In 1914, Huerta had several US soldiers arrested so the US sent in the Marines In 1916, Pancho Villa raided several towns in New Mexico and killed and raped several Americans U.S. sent in troops (led by John Pershing) but withdrew all troops in 1917 to focus on WWI