The Race to the New World. Why search for new lands? u A. Reasons –1. Space F a. growth of population F b. Food runs out/need new land –2. Fame and Fortune.

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Presentation transcript:

The Race to the New World

Why search for new lands? u A. Reasons –1. Space F a. growth of population F b. Food runs out/need new land –2. Fame and Fortune F a A.D. Vikings F b. 982 Eric the Red F c Leif to Vinland

3. How do we Know? u a. saga’s u b. map u c. L’Anse Aux Meadows u d. carbon dating u e. archaeology-nail

B. Pull of Religion u 1. Life in the Middle Ages –a. most lived on manors –b. serfs

2. Feudalism-Rule by lords. u a. King u b. Lords u c. Knights u d. Peasants

3. The Church- Roman Catholic u a. mission to save souls-spread Christianity u b. Pope leads the Church –i. Pope, Cardinals, Bishops/Monsignor, friar Tuck

4. Free the Holy Land –a Seljuk Turks capture Jerusalem –b. They are Muslim- follow the teachings of Mohammad-Allah –c Pope Urban II - Peace of God- Christians stop fighting Christians free Holy Land –d. Crusade=Holy War=Jihad –e. Competition to save souls

II. Effects of the Crusades on Exploration u A. Mixture of Cultures –1. Crusades expand European’s knowledge F a. spices F b. trade F c. sailing

u 2. Ptolemy’s book –a. Greek Scholar –b. World is round –c. latitude and longitude

u 3. Inventions –a. Astrolabe-Position by stars –b. magnetic compass- true north –c. caravel- tacking

III. Where to go for new lands? u A. Marco Polo –1. Genoa in Italy – travels with pop to China –3. riches of the silk road –4. Italy has claim

C. Impact of the Renaissance on Exploration u 1. Prince Henry the Navigator –a. school for navigation at Sagres Portugal –b. patronage –c. collect ancient and new knowledge in one place

B. Portuguese u 1. School for sailing u Bartolomeau Dias- Cape of Good Hope u Vasco Da Gama India

C. Christopher Columbus u 1. October 12, West Indies. u 2. A success? –a. First? –b. Indies? Indians? u 3. Importance –a. opens the floodgate of European exploration of the “new world”

IV. The Race is on. u A. Participants –1. Portugal F a. First out of the gate F b. Dias 1488 F c. Cabral 1500 –2. Spain F a. Christopher 1492 F b. Balboa 1513

u 3. England –a. Cabot 1497 u 4. France –a. Verazano 1524 u 5. The Netherlands –a. Hudson 1609

B. Reasons u 1. New route to the riches of Indies –a. West Indies- Columbus’ mistake –b mythical northwest passage u 2. New Lands –a. resources

B. Renaissance u 1. Return to the light of Rome u 2. Civilization Gutenberg’s Movable type- Bible u 3. Nation States u 4. Period of Learning

u 3. Religion –a. save souls –b. line of demarcation –c. religious freedom / escape persecution

C. Rivalries u 1. Country vs. Country –a. England vs. Spain –b. Sea Dogs –1588 Spanish Armada u 2. Church vs. Church –a Reformation –b. Catholic vs. Protestant

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