Sustaining Terrestrial Biodiversity

Biodiversity in Indonesia 18,000+ islands 6,000 inhabited Land being cleared by illegal logging and conversion to palm oil plantations Estimated %50 of forests cleared %70 mangrove forests

Home to 129 active volcanoes, most of any nation Javan tiger probably extinct, Sumatra tiger fighting for survival

Fig. 10-1, p. 214 Almost extinct in 1974, listed as protected and endangered 41 animals reintroduced into their former habitat in Yellowstone National Park about 171 gray wolves in the park

Fig. 10-2a, p. 216 Old growth forest in Washington’s Olympic National Forest

Fig. 10-2b, p. 216 Old growth tropical rain forest in Queensland, Australia

Fig. 10-3a, p. 216

Fig. 10-3b, p. 216

Fig. 10-4, p. 217

Fig. 10-5, p. 218 New highway Cleared plots for grazing Highway Cleared plots for agriculture Old growth Fragmentation

Fig. 10-6a, p. 219 (a) Selective cutting Clear stream

Fig. 10-6b, p. 219 (b) Clear-cutting Muddy stream

Fig. 10-6c, p. 219 (c) Strip cuttingUncut Cut 1 year ago Dirt road Cut 3–10 years ago Uncut Clear stream

Fig. 10-6a, p. 219 Stepped Art (b) Clear-cutting Muddy stream Uncut Cut 1 year ago Dirt road Cut 3–10 years ago Uncut Clear stream (a) Selective cutting (c) Strip cutting Clear stream

Fig. 10-7, p. 219 Clear cutting in Washington

Fig. 10-8, p. 220

Fig , p. 222 Tropical deforestation, Thailand

Fig a, p. 224 Amazon forest, Brazil 1975

Fig b, p

Fig a, p. 224 Endangered white ukari Lives in tropical forests of Brazil

Fig , p. 223

Fig. 10-9a, p. 220

Fig , p. 221 White pine blister rustPine shoot beetleBeech bark disease Sudden oak death Hemlock woolly adelgid

Fig , p. 225

Fig , p. 226 Burning for agriculture and livestock use

Fig , p. 227

Fig , p. 229 Kenaf, used for making paper Sustainable replacement for using old growth forests to make paper

Fig , p. 231

Fig , p. 232

Fig a, p. 233 San Pedros river Arizona

Fig b, p yrs later

Fig , p. 234

Fig , p. 241

Fig , p. 241