Do Now: “If the Nile smiles, the earth is joyous Every Stomach is full of rejoicing Every spine is Happy, Every Jaw is crushing with its food” Based on this quote how important was the Nile to people of Egypt?

Aim: How was the Nile the foundation of Empire in Egypt?

I) The Nile A) Starts from the mountains of Ethiopia and travels down to the Mediterranean Sea B) Nile floods annually from summer rains to fertilize the soil around it. 1) Black Land (fertile) 2) Red Land (Desert) 3) Silt: the fertile soil C) All Life depends on the Nile

II) Origins of people A) Some migrated from parts of southern Africa B) From the Middle East C) Fertile Land attracted many to the Nile Valley.

III) Egypt United A) Egypt originally was separated into northern and southern B) 3100 BC United Kingdom under king Menes C) Used the Nile as the highway between his kingdoms.

IV) Dynastic Egypt A) Dynasty (Ruling family) B) Old Kingdom 1) Pharaoh became supreme ruler A) Claimed to be a god B) delegated Power to a noble class 1) Vizier Chief Minster 2) bureaucrats to ran the various needs of the kingdom.

c) Middle Kingdom 1) The Nile was unpredictable 2) Crop failures and civil war 3) Pharaohs tried to create new drainage projects to supply water for agriculture 4) Stretched trade to the Middle East and to Nubia. 5) 1700 BC invade by the Hyskos A) Use of Horse drawn Chariots B) Adopted Many Egyptian culture.

D) New Kingdom 1) The Nile became stable. 2) Used Hyskos technology to reclaim the all of Egypt. 3) Became the strongest dynasty. 4) Became an Empire 1) East to the Euphrates. 2) Middle of Africa. 3) Increased trade with South Asia