APWH 600-1450

AFRICA: 600-1450 Key Concepts The varied environments of different African regions had an important influence on the cultural and economic developments of societies. Regional and long-distance interactions among African societies and with outsiders helped create the cultural diversity that characterized the period. Various African societies played a major role in the larger networks of trade, including both the trans-Saharan and Indian Ocean trade networks. Islam’s spread to Africa had a significant impact in terms of religious and economic influence from the period of 600-1450.

AFRICA: 600-1450 Key Terms Ethiopia Ghana Great Zimbabwe Ibn Battuta Mali Mansa Kankan Musa Swahili Coast Timbuktu

THE MIDDLE EAST: 600-1450 Key Concepts The world of Islam represents peoples of different ethnicities, cultures, and languages throughout the Middle East, Africa, Asia, and parts of Europe who were unified through the religion of Islam while still maintaining regional diversity. The Islamic world made tremendous contributions to art, science, and technology that would have a huge impact on cultural and economic developments in Asia, Africa, and Europe. The Mongols had a significant impact on the spread of Islam and preserved and built upon Islamic intellectual discoveries. The Mongols affected the Middle East in both positive and negative ways in terms of social, political, and economic stability.

THE MIDDLE EAST: 600-1450 Key Terms Abbasid Caliphate Bubonic plague Caliphate Five Pillars Hajj Il-khan Islam Mamluks Mongols Ottomans Quran Seljuk Turks Shari’a Shi’ite Sufism Sunni Ulama Umma Umayyad Caliphate

ASIA: 600-1450 Key Concepts China rose as the most influential state in East Asia (political and econ dominance). Japan, Korea, & Vietnam were influenced by Chinese culture but carved out their own unique cultural and political identities. Impact of Mongol rule in C, E, and SE Asia varied, depending on whether the Mongols had direct or peripheral control. The Silk Road and the Indian Ocean trade network were the dominant trading networks that allowed for important cultural and economic interactions among Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. Mahayana Buddhism: China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam While India experienced great political and religious turmoil as the Muslim Delhi Sultanate came to power, it also experienced economic prosperity because of its central location in the Indian Ocean trade network.

ASIA: 600-1450 Key Terms Bubonic plague Delhi Sultanate Dhow Footbinding Grand Canal Jagadai Khanate Junk Kamakura Shogunate Koryo Malacca Movable type Neo-Confucianism Nomadism Tributary system Tribute state Yuan Empire

EUROPE: 600-1450 Key Concepts Western Europe: decentralized feudal system Eastern Europe: Byzantine Empire Political and religious impact of Christianity (Christendom) The Crusades sowed the seeds for economic and intellectual changes that would lead to the Renaissance. The Black Death was a major factor in ending feudalism and awakening urban life in western Europe.

EUROPE: 600-1450 Key Terms Black Death Byzantine Empire The Crusades Feudalism Gothic cathedral Great Western Schism Hanseatic League Holy Roman Empire Investiture controversy Kievan Russia Latin West Manor Medieval Monasticism Pilgrimage Schism Scholasticism Serf Vassal

THE AMERICAS: 600-1450 Key Concepts Mesoamerica was never a single politically unified region, but its civilizations shared important cultural and religious characteristics and traditions that are continuities throughout this period. The Aztec, Maya, and Inca developed complex, sophisticated civilizations with defined social, economic, cultural, and political characteristics that represent important aspects of Amerindian life in the Americas. The environment of each society had an important influence on its technological and agricultural development. Religion was a central aspect of Amerindian life and shaped many of the cultural rituals and political practices of the Americas. The civilizations and empires of the Maya, Aztec, and Inca built on earlier civilizations in their respective geographic regions.

THE AMERICAS: 600-1450 Key Terms Anasazi Ayllu Aztecs Chinampas Inca Khipus Maya Mit’a Moche Teotihuacan Tenochtitlan Tiwanaku Toltecs Tribute system Wari Vertical integration