Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/2015 Pricing Strategies.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Global Pricing Decisions Overview Of the four Ps, price alone generates revenue. Competitive pricing enhances market position and earnings.

Advertisements

Global Pricing Challenges in Global Pricing. Introduction Global Pricing is lot more complex than domestic pricing due to: International Currency Fluctuations.

1 Pricing for International Markets Broad-based pricing policies Terms of Sale Terms of Payment Countertrade.

Global Perspective The Price War Setting the right price for a product or service can be the key to success or failure An offerings price must reflect.

The Marketing Mix Price Strategies.

Creating Competitive Advantage

Muhammad Waqas Pricing for International and Global Markets Lecture 23.

Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 International Pricing Strategy Dana-Nicoleta Lascu Chapter 16.

Chapter 16 Pricing Strategies: Basic Decisions. Chapter Outline The Role of Price Price Standardization.

John Wiley &Sons, Inc c GLOBAL PRICING Chapter Thirteen.

Pricing for International Markets

Chapter 17 Pricing Strategies: Countertrade and Terms of Sales/Payment.

Global Markets and International Marketing

Chapter Ten Pricing for Global Markets. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved Figure 10.1: Global Pricing Strategies.

Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter Ten Pricing for Global Markets. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved Figure 10.1: Global Pricing Strategies.

Pricing for International Markets

Pricing Decisions Keegan’s four steps to global pricing strategy

Definition Global Firm

Global Pricing Chapter 14 © 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

18- 0 © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 Irwin/McGraw-Hill Chapter 18 Pricing for International Markets.

Pricing for International Markets

Full Cost vs. Variable Cost

. C h a p t e r 1 8 Global Pricing for International Markets Modular: Afjal Hossain Assistant Professor, Department of Marketing PSTU McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Pricing for International Markets Learning Objectives Components of pricing as competitive tools in international marketing The pricing pitfalls.

McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 11 Pricing Concepts.

I n t e r n a t i o n a l M a r k e t i n g

Pricing for International Markets Chapter 18 McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 12 Global Marketing

Objectives Understand how the international trade system, economic, political-legal, and cultural environments affect a company’s international marketing.

1 Pricing for International Markets Broad-based pricing policies Terms of Sale Terms of Payment Price escalation Countertrade.

Global Markets and Marketing Chapter 3 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Principles of Marketing Lecture-41. Summary of Lecture-40.

1 Pricing for International Markets Broad-based pricing policies Price escalation & control Countertrade.

Chapter 17 Pricing Strategies: Countertrade and Terms of Sales/Payment.

Chapter 10 : Export Pricing Strategies Learning Objectives: Understand the pricing dynamics for international markets Variables to be considered in setting.

Chapter 5 Developing a Global Vision. Global Vision Identifying and reacting to international marketing opportunities Creating effective global marketing.

International Pricing Issues— “Parallel Imports” Parallel Imports—Non-domestic products bought by an importer from a distributor in one country and resold.

International pricing. Impact of pricing Pricing is especially important in international marketing strategy decisions, due to its effect on product positioning,

Pricing for International Markets Chapter 15 Matakuliah: J0474 International Marketing Tahun: 2009.

International Marketing Chapters 18 Pricing for International Markets.

International Marketing 国际市场营销学 School of International Trade, Shandong University of Finance and Economics 山东财经大学（筹） · 国际贸易学院.

1 Chapter 3 Economic Decision Makers These slides supplement the textbook, but should not replace reading the textbook.

Pricing for International Markets Chapter 14 McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 12 Pricing Decisions – Chapter 12Andrew P. Yap - FIU – MAR 4156 Basic Pricing Concepts Basic pricing considerations global marketing 1.Does.

Pricing for International Markets Chapter 18 International Pricing Approach Full Cost vs. Variable Cost Skimming vs. Penetration Irwin/McGraw-Hill 18-2.

INTERNATIONAL PRICING COST Full = fix + variable costs. By definition, a short-run approach since fixed cost might become variable in the longer run. The.

International Pricing Chapter 18. Pricing Policy Pricing Objectives Pricing Objectives Parallel Imports Parallel Imports –How does it affect a company?

MKTG 769 PRICING AND DISTRIBUTION Lars Perner, Instructor 1 GLOBAL PRICING ISSUES Price--definition Applicability of price research outside U.S./Western.

Chapter 13Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.1 Global Marketing Management, 4e Chapter 13 Global Pricing.

Target Cost –Price Determined by Market Target Selling Price- Cost Plus Pricing Time and Material Pricing Transfer Pricing *Negotiated *Cost-based.

Pricing for International Markets

18 Pricing for International Markets McGraw-Hill/Irwin International Marketing, 13/e © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Chapter.

Marketing Management International Marketing Paul Dishman, Ph.D. Department of Business Management Marriott School of Management Brigham Young University.

The Global Marketplace Global Marketing in the 21 st Century The world is shrinking rapidly with the advent of faster communication, transportation,

International Pricing 1. 2 Analysis Factors affecting pricing: Company and product Market Environmental Corporate objective Confirm impact of corporate.

Global Pricing. Introduction Global pricing is one of the most critical and complex issues in international marketing. Price is the only marketing mix.

Chapter Fifteen The Global Marketplace. Roadmap: Previewing the Concepts Copyright 2007, Prentice Hall, Inc Discuss how the international trade.

Pricing for International Markets Chapter 18 McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. PowerPoint presentation prepared.

Countertrade.  A commercial agreement in which the exporter is required to accept in part/total settlement of its deliveries, a supply of products from.

MGT301 Principles of Marketing Lecture-41. Summary of Lecture-40.

Pricing Decisions Keegan’s four steps to global pricing strategy

NEW TECHNIQUES IN INTERNATIONAL MARKETING

The Global Marketplace

International Marketing 国际市场营销学

GLOBAL PRICING CHAPTER OVERVIEW Drivers of Foreign Market Pricing

Pricing for International Markets

The Global Marketplace

Pricing Strategies.

Chapter 17 Global Pricing

Presentation transcript:

Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/2015 Pricing Strategies

Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/ Pricing Methods “The employer does not pay the salaries. It is the customer who pays for the salaries. The employer is just handling the monetary transaction” Henry Ford

Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/ Cost Oriented Full cost pricing: Price = Fixed Cost + Profit + Variable Cost Markup pricing: Price as a percentage of sales Incremental cost pricing: Price is set to cover variable cost only - Demand Orientated Price is set according to the firms estimate of potential buyers’ price elasticity.

Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/2015 Skim pricingPenetration pricing - product has strong relative advantage - low elasticity of demand - low competition - product is differentiated and difficult to copy - small total market - economies of scale in production - high elasticity of demand - strong competition - product is not differentiated and easy to copy - large market 2. Skim pricing versus penetration pricing

Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/2015 Zeit accumulated Cash Flow Skimming Penetration Cash Flow Pattern of Pricing Strategies

Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/ Legal restrictions of pricing decisions - Dumping - Price fixing - Price discrimination - Price advertising While governmental restrictions on pricing vary among different nations, most developed countries have laws relating to:

Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/ Costs of Exporting Taxes Tariffs Administrative Costs Inflation Exchange Rate Fluctuations Varying Currency Values

Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/ Lessening Price Escalation 1.Lower Cost of Goods  Lower Manufacturing Costs  Eliminate Functional Features  Lower Quality

Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/ Lower Tariffs  Tariff Reclassification  Product Modification  Partial Assembly  Repack aging 3. Lower Distribution Costs  Shorten Channels of Distribution  Lower Shipping Costs 4. Foreign Trade Zones

Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/ Countertrades Barter Compensation Deals Counterpurchase or Offset Trade Product Buy-Back Agreement

Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/ Why Countertrade? To Preserve Hard Currency To Improve Balance of Trade To Gain Access to New Markets To Upgrade Manufacturing Capabilities To Upgrade Manufacturing Capabilities To Maintain Prices of Export Goods

Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/ Transfer Pricing Manipulation of Taxes Manipulation of Duties and Customs Repatriation of Profits Management of Divisions

Alexander Consulting Enterprise 9/9/ Gray Trades Currency Exchange Rate Import Quotas Different Positioning Opportunities for Parallel Imports Arise through Price Differentials