Genetic Enhancement of Biodiesel Feedstocks Richard F. Wilson Oilseeds & Bioscience Consulting, LLC Raleigh, NC.

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Presentation transcript:

Genetic Enhancement of Biodiesel Feedstocks Richard F. Wilson Oilseeds & Bioscience Consulting, LLC Raleigh, NC

Energy Costs PetroleumBiofuel

Vegetable Oil Prices (¢/lb) Oil 2002 Current Peanut Sunflower Cotton Corn Canola Soybean Palm USDA FAS October 2007

World Vegetable Oil Situation 2006/2007 MMT MMT/yr Supply Demand End Stocks MMT Oil represents about 28 days supply World Use of Diesel Fuel = 321 billion gallons in 2007 Need 300 MMT of vegetable oil to make B20 Biodiesel USDA FAS Sept 2007 Growth Rate

How to Ensure Adequate Supply of Vegetable Oils? Increase Crush Capacity Increase Area of Production Increase Yield per Area Develop New Oil Crops Genetically Enhance Oil Concentration & Quality in Major Oilseed Commodities

Variation in Oil Concentration Soybean 7.0 to 26% Sunflower 9.0 to 53% Canola 12 to 42% Cotton 20 to 30% Peanut 30 to 65% An increase from 20 to 30% oil in soybean seed equals a 50% gain in oil content per bushel

Mapping & Marking Oil Genes

Developing New Genomic Breeding Tools New DNA markers in Physical Map Candidate Genes Genetic markers Genetic map QTL BAC contigs, ESTs Minimal Tiling Path & BAC-end sequences Physical Map Bioinformatic Analyses

Genetic Regulation of Oil Concentration

High Yield x High Oil ↓ F 1 Plants ↓ F 2 Population ↓ SSD F 3 Population ↓ SSD F 4 Population ↓ Single Plants F 4:5 Families ↓ Select & Bulk Test for Yield & Oil ↓ Retest selections Breeding for Increased Oil Concentration & Yielding Ability

Genetic Enhancement of Oil % World Oil Supply, USDA FAS, Sept 2007

Which one is Crude Peanut Oil?

Oleic acid improves oxidative stability and ignition properties (cetane index) of biodiesel

KAS II FAT B FAD 2 FAD 3 D9 DS

Linolenic Acid Pathway

Genetic Regulation of Oleic Acid Concentration in Soybean

MAS with Perfect Gene Markers 1% 18:3 GMFAD3A has 2 recessive alleles (aa 29, aa cx ) GMFAD3B has 1 recessive allele (bb 29 ) GMFAD3C has 2 recessive alleles (cc cx, cc 29 ) aa 29 bb 29 cc 29 X aa cx BB cc cx F1 F2 aa 29 bb 29 cc cx aa cx bb 29 cc 29 ~1% of the F3 generation 3% 18:3 Kristen Bilyeu, Columbia MO

New Sources of Oleic Acid