I NDONESIAN R EACTIONS TO THE U.S. R EBALANCE

F IRST H UMANS TO 1900 S Java Man Austronesians replace Melanesians Agricultural development Spiritual Path Arrival of the Colonia Powers

1900 S TO P RESENT Dutch Control Return of the Dutch Independence Rebellions New Government Struggles

I NDONESIA T ODAY Population Economy Government Alliances / Trade Partnerships Borders / Neighbors

F IRST H UMANS TO 1900 S Java Man Austronesians replace Melanesians Agricultural development Spiritual Path Arrival of the Colonia Powers

I NDONESIAN REACTIONS TO THE US REBALANCE Policy of non-alignment with any one major power against another One million friends, zero enemies‘ ‘Dynamic Equilibrium‘ Indonesia as an ASEAN leader

A DVANTAGES FOR I NDONESIA Increased presence of US consistent with foreign policy Hedge against the rise of China Intrinsic value to the country and sub region

I NDONESIAN C ONCERNS / SENSATIVITIES Priority for stability to allow continued development Over emphasis on military aspects of the rebalance should be avoided A creative, whole of government approach to engagement will be most effective and well regarded

W AY -A HEAD Cooperative proposals between Indonesia and the United States as part of the Asia-Pacific Rebalance

S OFT P OWER (D IPLOMACY AND AID ) The U.S. needs to continue to be an active member of the East Asia Summit (EAS) – Membership initiated in November 2011 – Provide support to ASEAN nations and counterbalance to growing Chinese influence Build upon tangible goals in support of the new Indo-U.S. Comprehensive Partnership Agreement – Signed by President Obama in November 2010 – Increase cooperation by USAID, the USEMB Country Team, and the expansion of U.S. aid agencies – Identify critical needs and work towards long-term improvements and solutions – 194 total points. Examples include: Health Services, Support to Rule of Law, Marine Management, Forestry, and Higher Education Promote Indonesia’s leadership role in the resolution of disputes between ASEAN and East Asian neighbors

E CONOMIC Increase trade with Indonesia in support of the Comprehensive Partnership Agreement Hold bilateral conferences in order to identify areas for resource security and public/private ventures Identify specific areas to modernize industrial capability – Provide jobs – Clean energy/climate change prevention – Raise the standard of living Support the International Law of the Sea and the protection of Indonesian fisheries and Maritime Security interests Continued U.S. participation in the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) meetings

M ILITARY Support President Yudhoyono’s request to increase bilateral military exercises – Expand from small (less than 100 personnel) “Joint” Exercises – Increase larger unit MAREX-type exercises with Bn-Regt size forces in order to evaluate specific capabilities and C2 – Focus on HA/DR training with Marines stationed in Darwin, Australia – Provide Civil-Military Experts to support training at the new ASEAN Coordinating Centre for Humanitarian Assistance in Jakarta – The number of interoperability exercises with the U.S. will match those with China Support the development of Indonesia’s emerging national security strategy Provide specific training on counter-piracy and coast guard operations – Specific use in the Straits of Malacca and Lombok and other major shipping lanes Remain sensitive to Indonesia’s concerns in the employment of ISR/other intelligence collection assets Explore opportunities to expand foreign military sales

R EFERENCES Source: USINDO Brief Title: “The United States Rebalance to Asia: How will it Change America’s Defense Strategy in the Region?” Date: 11 Sep 12 Source: The National Bureau of Asian Research Title: “An Indonesian Perspective on the U.S. Rebalancing Effort toward Asia” Date: 26 Feb 13 Source: USINDO Brief Title: “The U.S. Pacific Commander’s Perspective on the Asia-Pacific Rebalance” Date: 8 Feb 13