Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Good Morning ! Kαλημέρα ! Merhaba! Guten Morgen!

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Dr. Heinz-Joachim Kopp Food-Technologist Lecturer at Hohenheim University (Quality Management) Director of institute LACON (inspection body for organic products, protected food names and other EC regulations, as well private as officially authorized)

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Food from Organic Farming exists since the twenties of the last century First Quality label was Demeter In the late eighties 1% of European food was called „organic“ - but the term was not quite precise (more or less „organic“)

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming 1991 European organic legislation was established with exact description of organic farming; later also for food processing, collection of wild plants, animal husbandry, bee keeping, subcontracting and trade. Special requirements were also added for import from countries outside EU We are aware of an oversized regulation for producing and inspection system. Comparable regulation does not exist elsewhere in producing of food or agricultural products. Why?

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming More and more consumers do not trust conventional food any longer. They are afraid of pesticide residues, antibiotics, allergens, etc. Consumers want to buy healthy food to feel better. They pay 20% - 100% more money for the same product if certified organic European organic market has developed from 1% to 3% (average) with big differences (1% in Portugal up to 10% in Denmark or Austria) And European member states give additional subsidies to farmers who produce certified organic And...

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming... differences between products from organic and conventional production cannot be detected by chemical analysis. A lot of scientific studies have not yet produced a suitable method Pesticide residues is not the only criterium used to determine if a product is organic or not Modern analysis (detection of isotopes, immuno assay) can only assist in detecting organic origin Therefore an inspection system is required which covers the whole chain of production: From Farm to Fork

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Inspection System covers - Seeds, seedlings - Fodder - Farming system, animal husbandry, bee keeping, vine yards, collection of wild plants - Storage, shipping - Processing - Catering, restaurants - Packaging, labelling - Trade (as far as not prepacked food) - Import from countries outside European Union - Subcontractors (processors, storage, customs agents)

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Requirements for Production Organic cultvation has to be proved during a conversion period of at least two years before sowing or, in the case of perennial crops at least three years before the first organic harvest. The fertility and the biological activity of the soil must be maintained or increased, where appropriate, by: - cultivation of legumes, green manures or deep-rooting plants in an appropriate multiannual rotation programme; - incorporation in the soil of organic material, by-products from livestock farming, such as farmyard manure

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Requirements for Production Pests, diseases and weeds shall be controlled by a combination of the following measures: - choice of appropriate species and varieties, - appropriate rotation programme, - mechanical cultivation procedures, - protection of natural enemies of pests through provisions favourable to them (e.g. hedges, nesting sites, release of predators), - flame weeding

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Requirements for Production Use of soluble mineral fertilizers or chemical pesticides is forbidden Only in cases of threat to the crop may recourse be had to products referred to in Annex II e.g. pyrethrins extracted from Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium, sulphur, copper preparations, Bacillus thuringiensis preparations, and more “natural” pesticides listed in Annex II of EC regulation

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Requirements for Processing All ingredients from agricultural origin have to be certified organic (with exceptions up to 5%) All ingredients from non agricultural origin have to be listed in Annex VI A of EC regulation (food additives like ascorbic acid, lecithins or pectin, natural aroma, water, salt, microorganisms) All processing aids have to be listed in Annex VI B (e.g. filtration aids, ethanol, carbon dioxide, microorganisms, enzymes) Radiation, colour substances, synthetic aroma are not allowed

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Requirements for Processing Good manufacturing practice is required Traceability and identification of organic material is required Processing of organic / conventional batches must be done with cleaning in between. Cleaning has to be proved effective and to be documented If parallel production and different lines for organic / coventional products exist, lines have to be labelled Places or areas in warehouse have to be identified as organic

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Requirements for Processing Exception up to 5% of agricultural products: If not available, up to 5% of the agricultural ingredients may derive from conventional source – as far as listed in Annex VI C of EC Regulation (e.g. Maracujas, Fructose, Gelatin, Algae, …)

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Requirements for Labelling If 100% of agricultural ingredients are certified organic (or 95% with exceptional regulation), there are no restrictions in labelling with “organic” If > 70% of agricultural products are certified organic and < 30% are not available (exceptions) indication is possible: "X % of the agricultural ingredients were produced in accordance with the rules of organic production“ in a separate statement set in the same visual field as the sales description (“organic window”)

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Requirements for Labelling If the product has only one ingredient and conversion period to organic farming is more than one year but less than three years, indication as following is possible: "product under conversion to organic farming"

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Further requirements for Labelling The labelling refers to the name and/or the code number of the inspection body to which the operator who has carried out the most recent preparation operation is subject The indications referring to organic production methods must make it clear that they relate to a method of agricultural production and must be accompanied by a reference to the ingredients of agricultural origin concerned, unless such reference is clearly given in the list of ingredients

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Requirements for trade Only agricultural products and food can be marketed and labelled „organic“due to EU legislation. Cosmetics, textile, fish and others may be labelled according to private organic standards Organic food has always to be prepacked and labelled. If sold “open”, then only by certified traders

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Requirements for trade Transport of organic bulk products must be in sealed containers or sealed trucks Accompanying papers have to mention „organic“ and name/code of inspection body If import/export lot certificates of inspection body are required

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Requirements for trade For export into European Union an EU importer has to applicate for the project at the competent EU authority Certificate of equivalence has to be issued by an authorized inspection body Import into Switzerland is the same procedure Import into United States needs an NOP certification

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Organic seals, private or semi governmental suitable for national markets

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Requirements for trade New, valid from July 2005: Inclusion of trade in inspection system Any operator who produces, prepares, stores or imports from a third country products as specified in Article 1 with a view to the subsequent marketing thereof, or who markets such products, shall: (a) notify this activity to the competent authority of the Member State where the activity is carried out

Dr. H.-Joachim Kopp LACON Ltd Offenburg, Germany Products from Organic Farming Don’t panic go organic !