Map of Macedonia
Philip II (Alexander’s father) Became king of Macedon in 359 BC Conquered south Athenian philosopher/orator Demosthenes spoke out against him (Three Philippics) Controlled Greece after Battle of Chaeronea 338 BC, defeated Athens and Thebes Assassinated in 336 BC
Young Alexander Born in 356 BC to Philip II and Olympias (non- Macedonian) Tutored by Aristotle and Leonidas Tamed the horse Bucephalus Father assassinated in 336 BC
“Untying” the Gordion Knot Gordium, Turkey Prophecy How Alexander did it
Battle of Granicus, 334 BC First major victory over Persians Granicus was a river near Troy
Battle of Issus, 333 BC Alexander defeats Darius III despite being heavily outnumbered Darius III flees Empire expands to include Persia
The Battle of Issus
More battles Battle of Gaugamela, 331 BC, against Darius III again Battle of Hydapses, 326 BC, Punjab region of Pakistan, against King Poros, war elephants Empire extends to western India Hellenistic vs. Hellenic culture
Alexander’s Empire
Alexander’s Demise Got sick and stayed in Babylon, died there in 323 BC Divided up empire among the Diadochi (The followers) Egypt – The Ptolemies BC Asia – Seleucids BC Macedonia – Antigonids, BC
Seleucids, Ptolemies, Antigonids
A New Power Rome annexed Syria/Lebanon in 64 BC ending Seleucid rule Rome annexed Egypt in 30 BC