7/26: IS for Business Operations Cross-Functional Information Systems Marketing information systems Manufacturing information systems Human resource information systems Accounting information systems Financial information systems Transaction processing systems

Cross-Functional IS Keep in mind that most IS are not purely for one business functional area or another Much overlap and integration is seen Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) –EX: SAP, PeopleSoft, Oracle, Baan, etc. –Aids many functions while focusing on Supply Chain Management Image courtesy of

Manufacturing information systems Production & Operations Management (DSC305) Simplify, Automate, Integrate Computer-integrated manufacturing –Manufacturing Resource Planning Systems (MRP) Manufacturing Execution Systems –Process control –Robotics –Machine control (ex: CNC lathes) Image courtesy of

Manufacturing information systems Collaborative Manufacturing Networks –Last week’s example from DaimlerChrysler Engineering Systems –Computer aided design (CAD) & engineering (CAE) –Prototyping

Marketing information systems Interactive marketing –Internet based –Customer is participant in marketing, not endpoint Sales force automation –Productivity, speed & reaction time improvements Sales & product management: analysis tools Advertising & promotion –Targeted marketing: context, community, content, online behavior, class Market research & forecasting

Human Resource IS Payroll control & analysis Benefits calculation & monitoring Personnel record-keeping Recruiting Training & development Governmental reporting

Accounting IS General ledgers Payroll Billing Financial reporting Accounts receivable Payroll & timekeeping AR Image courtesy of

Finance IS Cash management –Investment decisions, forecasting cash flows Online investment management Capital budgeting Financial Forecasting Image courtesy of

Small Groups: Cases Pg. 446 Ornda HealthCorp.: IT-based recruiting Pg. 445 Earthlink: Advertising effectiveness Pg. 441 Adaptec: Manufacturing boost with IT Pg.430 Book-of-the-month Club: Web marketing Pg. 405: Gulf States Paper: Machine Control

Transaction processing systems Data entry Batch vs. real-time processing Database management Document & report generation Inquiry processing

TPS: Data Entry Traditional method: manual data entry Source data automation –Point of Sale (POS) terminals & ATMs –Bar codes, credit card magnetic stripes, etc. –Prerecording frequently seen data (autofill)

TPS: Batch vs. Real-Time Processing Batch processing –Good for applications that are utilized at scheduled intervals –Ex: customer statements Real-time processing –Online transaction processing (OLTP) –Immediate updating of databases & inquiries –Required: access to databases at anytime –Fault-Tolerant systems (“Fault-proofed”) Redundant processors, storage facilities

TPS: Document & Report Generation Action documents –Purchase orders Information documents –Receipts –Customer statements Turnaround documents –Credit card statements Control listings Edit reports (error reports)

TPS: Inquiry Processing Sales order status Account balances Inventory counts