OBJECTIVE □ SWBAT: Describe the parts of an atom and explain why chemistry is important in understanding biology

CATALYST 1. Imagine your body was chopped up into many pieces and put into a blender to separate all the elements. (WEIRD!) Guess which 4 elements you would find the most of? ? ? ? ?

CATALYST Which 4 elements are the most common in the human body? Use the graph below to answer the following questions CATALYST Which 4 elements are the most common in the human body? b. Which 2 elements compose a little over 25% of the body? c. Why do you think there is a lot of oxygen and hydrogen in the human body?

Section 6.1 Summary – pages 141-151 Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), & Nitrogen (N) make up over 96% of the mass of a human body!!! PIE CHART Section 6.1 Summary – pages 141-151

What are living things made up of? What are cells made up of? What are cell parts made up of? What are chemicals made up of?

Section 6.1 Summary – pages 141-151 Elements EVERYTHING… whether it is a rock, frog, flower, or the air – is made of substances called elements. Guess how many elements have been discovered? 117 (a few are manmade) Section 6.1 Summary – pages 141-151

Everything (all living and nonliving things) are made of elements. An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler chemical substances. What are elements made of? Atoms

More Notes! Atoms Parts of an Atom --make up elements --basic building blocks of all matter Atoms Protons (p+) Neutrons (n0) Electrons (e-) Parts of an Atom

SUBATOMIC PARTICLE CHARGE LOCATION IN THE ATOM PROTON POSITIVE In the NUCLEUS NEUTRON No CHARGE ELECTRON NEGATIVE In the energy levels

Structure of an Atom Nucleus (protons and neutrons) Electron energy levels (electrons)

Insert into Cornell Notes: Parts of an atom Nucleus and surrounding space Positively charged protons (+) And neutrons with no charge What is the nucleus made of? What makes an element an element? The number of protons in the nucleus

# electrons = # protons; Net Charge = 0 # electrons = # protons;

Atomic number: Mass number: the number of protons in the nucleus the total number of particles in the nucleus (protons + neutrons)

The Periodic Table: A Key to the Elements State of Matter Element Atomic # Symbol Atomic Mass Hydrogen 1 H 1.008 P + N

Periodic Table Atoms Atoms Protons Neutrons Electrons Nucleus 1. The ______________   _____________ shows all known elements in the universe.  2. All elements are made of __________________.  3. _______________ are the smallest particle of an element that retains its chemical properties.  4. Atoms are made of tiny subatomic particles called ______________, _______________, and _______________.  5. Protons and neutrons are in the _____________ of an atom.  Atoms Atoms Protons Neutrons Electrons Nucleus

positive neutral negative atomic number protons molecules Hydrogen 6. Protons have a ________________ electrical charge.  7. Neutrons have a ________________ electrical charge.  8. Electrons have a ________________ charge that attracts them to protons.  9. Atoms on the periodic table are organized by________________, which is really the number of ______________   10. Different types of atoms can bond together to make ________________.  11. Water is 2 atoms of ______________and 1 atom of ____________.  neutral negative atomic number protons molecules Hydrogen Oxygen

Mass number or Atomic Mass: Atomic number: Mass number or Atomic Mass: the number of protons in the nucleus the total number of particles in the nucleus (protons + neutrons)

RECALL The Periodic Table: A Key to the Elements State of Matter Element Atomic # Symbol Atomic Mass or Mass Number Hydrogen 1 H 1.008 P + N

Sulfur 16 S 32.06 16 16 S 16 P + N = Atomic Mass 32.06 16 Use the information about Sulfur from the periodic table to answer the following questions: What is the atomic number? What is the Chemical Symbol How many electrons does Sulfur have? What is the atomic mass? How many neutrons does Sulfur have? Sulfur 16 S 32.06 16 16 S 16 P + N = Atomic Mass 32.06 16

Covalent Bonding (Water - H20)

Compounds and Bonding A compound is a substance that is composed of atoms of two or more different elements. Example: Table salt is NaCl (Sodium + Chlorine)