2005 OBP Bi-Annual Peer Review Biorefinery Project Overview Neil P. Rossmeissl U.S. Department of Energy Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of the Biomass Program

Barriers for Technology Basic R&D Technology Development Commercially Viable Demo Permitting & Engineering Proof of Concept Construction Operation Commissioning First Commercial Plant Mechanical completion Attainment of performance criteria Delays in attainment of performance criteria 80% / 20% 50% / 50% 20% / 80% Loan Guarantee Program/Risk Mitigation Pool “A” Milestone Achieved Technical Risk Minimized Development Costs 100% / 0% Current Biorefinery Projects Procurement Private Cost-Share: OBP Cost-Share: Project Timeline: Development Stages: Unexpected Cost: Risk Mitigation: Potential Future OBP/EERE Deployment Efforts (to overcome financial barriers)

The Holistic Ethanol Facility Corn Quick Steep Scarification Filtration Fermentation Ethanol Recovery Molecular Sieves “Fiber” Hydrolysis New DDG Animal Feed Starch EtOH 95% 100% Germ Separation Catalytic Conversions Gasification Fuel/Power EG, PG Glycerol, Etc Itaconic Succinic, Etc Oil

Value Added Products “Generic Model” . grind corn glucose fermentation ethanol starch enzymatic hydrolysis hemicellulose enzymatic DDG (feed) cellulose protein Lignin Fats/oils filter arabinaric acid xylaric • enzymes itaconic diammonium succinate succinic other acids/ monomers . monomers and high value solvents g - butyrolactone (GBL) 1,4 butanediol 2 Pyrrolidinone N methyl pyrrolidinone (NMP) vinyl 3 derivatives THF polyhydroxyamides chelators Hydro genation oxidation arabinose xylose ethylene glycol propylene glycol glycerol hydrogenation hydrogenolysis “Generic Model”

Agricultural Sector Biorefinery Pathways Program “A” Milestones Feedstocks Biorefinery Pathway Conversion Pathway Options Under Consideration ( each has a Industrial Partners B Milestone - cost target ) Aventine Nature Works, LLC Corn Grain · Residual Starch Conversion Fiber Conversion New Fractionation Process Products from C 5 / C 6 Sugars Products from Oils Complete systems level demonstration and validation of technologies to improve corn wet mill facilities using corn grain feedstock DDG Conversion Abengoa Broin Dupont corn dry mill facilities using corn and other grain feedstock Other Grains natural oil processing facilities using oil crop feedstock Oil Crops Stover Small Grain Straw Rice Straw Cargill Nature Works LLC processing facilities using agricultural residue feedstocks Biomass Sugar Production Products from Lignin Biomass Gasification Products from Synthesis Gas New Fractionation Processes Products from New Process Intermediates Perennial Crops Chariton Valley Great Plains Institute Univ. of Tennessee Grasses Woody New Consolidated Processes ADM DOW NCGA Wet and Dry Mills Oil Crops Agriculture Residues Perennial Rohm & Hass

Fund Solicitations to Overcome Barriers Liquid Fuels Chemicals and Materials List the breadth and depth of the platform partnering across the EERE programs. Inter/intra-agency cooperation Office of Science, USDA Joint solicitations OBP and Hydrogen

FY2002 Solicitation Industries Engaged: Dry Mills Wet Mills Chemicals Technologies Being Developed: Fractionation Pretreatment Hydrolysis Strain Development Fermentation Catalysis Various Separation Technologies Harvesting Storage Pathways: Corn Dry Mill Improvements Pathway Corn Wet Mill Improvements Pathway Agricultural Residue Pathway Expected Outcomes: Fuel Value-added products This should be a quick recap as the integration of the platforms and pathways will be well covered in session 1.

Relevance to Pathways Broin: A Second Generation Dry Mill Biorefinery ADM/NCGA: Separation of Corn Fiber and Conversion to Fuels and Chemicals Cargill: New Biorefinery Platform Intermediate Project Cargill: Making the Industrial Biorefinery Happen Cargill/MAT: Collection, Commercial Processing and Utilization of Corn Stover DuPont: Integrated Corn Based Biorefinery Project Abengoa: Advanced Biorefining of Distiller’s Grain and Corn Stover Blends This should be a quick recap as the integration of the platforms and pathways will be well covered in session 1.

Congressionally Directed Industries Engaged: Dry Mills Pulp & Paper Chemicals Technologies Being Developed: Pretreatment Hydrolysis Gasification Fermentation Catalysis Harvesting Storage Pathways: Corn Dry Mill Improvements Pathway Pulp and Paper Pathway Agricultural Residue Pathway Forest Residue Expected Outcomes: Fuel Value-added products This should be a quick recap as the integration of the platforms and pathways will be well covered in session 1.

Relevance to Pathways GTI: Commercial Demo of Thermodepolymerization (TDP) Technology, Nevada MBI: Biorefinery GTI: Ag Waste Biorefinery using TDP Mississippi Ethanol Gasification Iroquois Bioenergy: Corn Dry Mill to Ethanol Plant AgraPure: Fibrowatt University of ND: EERC Center for Biomass Utilization Brazos River: North Central Texas Dairy Waste Farm Power: Small Scale Waste Energy Demo Louisiana State: Improved Biorefinery From Sugar Cane Mount Wachusett: Modular Biopower Micro-Cooling and Power North Country Hospital: Biomass Cogeneration Project Georgia Pacific: Demo of Black Liquor Gasification Sealaska Corp: Southeast Alaska Ethanol Project Changing World: Ag Mixed Waste Biorefinery City of Gridley: City of Gridley Biofuels Project This should be a quick recap as the integration of the platforms and pathways will be well covered in session 1.

Platform Budget Double click on the chart and enter the funding dollars into the datasheet.

Commercialization Risk Platform Barriers Barrier Solution Responsibility End-to-End Process Integration Develop methods of collecting, storing, transporting and processing diverse feedstocks OBP/Industry Integrate biochemical and thermochemical technologies OBP Commercial-scale Demonstration Sustained integrated performance Industry Demonstrated technical, economic, safety and environmental targets Improved existing and new biorefineries Policy/Legislation Sensors and controls DOE Labs Technical Risk Pretreatment Options DOE/USDA Labs Feedstock Development USDA Tools Commercialization Risk Probability of failure in new facilities due to unproven technologies DOE HQ Financial investment is high, plants must achieve design capacity quickly Relate the barriers back to the pathways where ever possible.

Goals & Approach Complete technology development necessary to enable start-up demonstration of a biorefinery producing fuels, chemicals and power by 2012 at an existing or new corn dry mill. Help U.S. industry establish the first large-scale sugar biorefinery based on agricultural residues by 2018. Complete technology integration to demonstrate a minimum sugar selling price of $0.64/lb resulting in a minimum ethanol selling price of $1.09/gal by 2020 from ag residues or dedicated perennial energy crops. Complete the technology integration of thermochemical processes into a sugar biorefinery to produce syngas at $3.84/MMBtu by 2030 from lignin or wood feedstocks.

Key Accomplishments Development and demonstration of a new front-end pretreatment operation for a dry mill by Broin that increases the ethanol yield and produces more valuable high protein animal feed. Demonstrated a pilot plant by ADM and the NCGA at NREL to scale-up bench results to define operating parameters involved in integrating processes into existing corn wet mills. Recommended time for the Accomplishments slide(s): 5 min Purpose: Describe the most important technical accomplishments and results obtained in the last year. Whenever possible, describe the significance of the accomplishments by relating the results to the appropriate DOE targets and milestones from the MYPP. Include sufficient slides to explain what was done leading to the technical accomplishments Please limit your slides to the time you have available – you will not be allowed to go over your allotted time To assist the reviewers evaluating your work, please include bullet comments of the key points on each slide Though your presentation will be in color, it is best to choose colors and data symbols so that they can be easily distinguished in black and white for those reviewers with hardcopies

Presentation Agenda Break Integrated Biorefinery Analysis: Bob Wallace, NREL Integrated Corn-Based Biorefinery: Bill Provine, DuPont Making Industrial Biorefinery Happen:Bob Wooley, NatureWorks LLC Break Collection of Corn Stover: David Glassner, NatureWorks LLC New Biorefinery Platform Intermediate: Jim Millis, Cargill Inc. Second Generation Dry Mill: Steve Lewis, Broin & Associates Lunch Advanced Biorefining of DDG and Corn Stover: Patrick Mulvihill, Abengoa Bioenergy Separation of Corn Fiber and Conversion to Fuels and Chemicals: Nathan Fields, NCGA Demonstration of BLG at Big Island: Larry Rath, NETL Southeast Alaska Ethanol: Fran Ferraro, Merrick City of Gridley Biofuels: Dennis Schuetzle, TSS Consultants