The American Civil War and Reconstruction (up to 1877) North vs South Free vs Slave Union vs Confederacy Blues vs Grays (Yankees vs Johnny Rebs Democracy vs Slavocracy

The Northern States – Union 23 states - California, Connecticut, Delaware (S), Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky (S), Maine, Maryland (S), Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri (S), New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Wisconsin. During the war, Nevada and West Virginia joined as new states of the Union. Tennessee and Louisiana were returned to Union military control early in the war. The territories of Colorado, Dakota, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Washington fought on the Union side.

The Old South - Confederacy Original 7 - South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. (Feb.4, 1861) Then 11 - Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina and Tennessee joined a few months later. "I think that the North fought that war with one hand behind its back...If there had been more Southern victories, and a lot more, the North simply would have brought that other hand out from behind its back. I don't think the South ever had a chance to win that War.“ Proof?????

Tale of the Tape 22 million ( 400,000 slaves) 90% production 97% firearms 35,000km of rail(71%) 2.1 million troops 30% exports 9 million (3.5 million slaves) 10% production 3% firearms 8,000km of rail(29%) 1 million troops 70% exports

Two Presidents – only once Abraham Lincoln Jefferson Davis Age: 53 Failure as a president:WHY? Retired Life Age: 52 Greatest President: WHY? Assassinated April 15, 1865 *Both had Kentucky blood *Service in US Gov’t *Service in the military during Jackson’s Presidency

A Beginning and An End – April 12,1861 and April 9,1865 The attack on Fort Sumter in Charleston Bay, South Carolina. Led by P.G.T. Beauregard Surrender at Appomattox Court House Robert E. Lee & Ulysses S. Grant

A True Industrial War Over 10,000 military engagements took place during the war, 40% of them in Virginia and Tennessee. Slavery for the Confederacy's 3.5 million blacks effectively ended when Union armies arrived. The war produced about 1,030,000 casualties (3% of the population), including about 620,000 soldier deaths—two-thirds by disease. Ten percent of all Northern males 20–45 years of age died, as did 30 percent of all Southern white males aged 18–40. The Emancipation Proclamation enabled African-Americans, both free blacks and escaped slaves, to join the Union Army - 190,000 volunteered. European immigrants joined the Union Army in large numbers, including 177,000 born in Germany and 144,000 born in Ireland. 56,000 soldiers died in prisons during the Civil War.

"tell my mother I died for my country“… "Our country owed all her troubles to him, and God simply made me the instrument of his punishment.“ April 26 "Sic semper tyrannis!” (Thus always to tyrants) John Wilkes Booth