The Five Themes of Geography

Why Study Geography in a class about World History? It affects where people live (Settlement patterns) It affects how people live then and now It affects/affected the outcome of major historical events.

The 5 Themes of Geography Location Movement Region Place Human/ Environment Interaction

Theme # 1: Location Where is it??

Location: There are two types of LOCATION!! Absolute Relative

Absolute Location: Absolute Location is found by using… Two specific line types Latitude Longitude

Absolute Location: Latitude Lines AKA (Parallels) Or Lines of Flatitude Latitude lines are drawn from: East to West Latitude lines measure: North to South

Absolute Location: The Major Line of LATITUDE is the: Equator 0’ degrees It splits the Earth into: the Northern and Southern Hemispheres

Define Hemisphere: Half of a globe (in our case the Earth)

Absolute Location: They are important because: Other important lines: 66 1/2 * North = Arctic Circle 66 1/2 * South = Antarctic Circle They are important because: These areas get the least amount of sunlight. Part of the year there is no sunlight and the other part of the year there is no darkness.

Absolute Location: Longitude Lines AKA (Meridians) Latitude lines are drawn from: North to South Latitude lines measure: East to West

Absolute Location: Other important lines of LATITUDE: 22 1/3 * North = Tropic of Cancer 22 1/3 * South = Tropic of Capricorn They are important because: They get the most direct sunlight making these areas the hottest places on Earth

The Major Line of LONGITUDE is the: Absolute Location: The Major Line of LONGITUDE is the: Prime Meridian 0’ degrees It splits the Earth into: the Eastern and Western Hemispheres

Absolute Location: Can you find an ABSOLUTE LOCATION Using Latitude & Longitude? Here are some examples how a latitude and longitude maps look..

Absolute Location: 30*N 15*W 45*S 45*E 30*S 60*W 15*N 30*E 30*N 60*W

World Latitude & Longitude Activity Absolute Location: World Latitude & Longitude Activity

Relative Location: Where an area is depending on where another area is! Figure out where Mr. K’s desk is in relation to something else in the room!

Theme # 2: Movement How are people linked together?

Movement is……..… Movement: How people in one area contact people in other areas. How ideas, people or goods move. Examples: Immigration/Emigration, Transportation, Communication, and Goods.

Movement: What can move??

Movement: How can things move??

Movement: Through movement we connect all of our world together. This is called globalization! When we are interdependent on each other for our economy, culture, politics, socialization, and technology.

Theme # 3: Region Areas defined by its characteristics. What does it have in common?

Areas that have common characteristics. Region: A region describes: Areas that have common characteristics. These can include Sports teams, buildings, or items identifiable to an area. Regions can be: BIG or small

Region: There are two types of Regions Formal Functional

Formal Regions is an. . . Region: Area in which a certain characteristic is found throughout the area Example: City, State, Country, Continent Example. The Pacific Northwest, the Northeast, the South, the west coast, etc…

Example: Hershey, PA or Seattle Wa Region: Functional Regions Have one central place and is surrounded by the areas it affects Example: Hershey, PA or Seattle Wa

Theme # 4: Place What is it like to live there?

Place: What is it like?

Place: What is it like?

Place: What is it like?

Each PLACE on Earth has it own: DISTINCT CHARACTERISTICS Two types: Human Or Physical (something that makes it different than any other place in the world)

Physical Features: Place: The Earth is covered in 30 % land All landforms are described by their elevation Elevation is the height above sea level There are 4 main types of landforms they are: Mountains Hills Plateaus Plains

There are 3 major climate regions. Place: Physical Features: Another physical feature is also an areas climate. What affects climate? There are 3 major climate regions. Tropical Temperate (Mid-Latitude) Polar

All climate regions are affected by: Place: All climate regions are affected by: 1. Sun 2. Water 3. Wind

Temperate:

Polar: Everything North of the Arctic Circle & Everything South of the Antarctic Circle

Polar: No sunlight during part of the year No darkness during part of the year Very cold Few people live here

Human characteristics of Place Language Religion Architecture Cultural identifiers (dress/traditions Ceremonies, etc) Economic, social and political organization.

Human/Environment Interaction: (HEI) How we interact / adapt to our environment? (Positively or negatively)

Human/Environment Interaction explains: HEI: Human/Environment Interaction explains: How people use and change their environment

The environment influences how: We live and adapt to our surroundings. HEI: The environment influences how: We live and adapt to our surroundings. Examples:

Does the environment affect where we do these activities Does the environment affect where we do these activities? (how are people adapting to the environment?

When ever people come in contact with something they: Change it! HEI: When ever people come in contact with something they: Change it! Examples are: Good Bad Both

HEI = Global Warming A negative effect of people interacting with their environment.

What is happening because of global warming? HEI = Global Warming 1979 2005 What is happening because of global warming?

HEI: Global Warming What can we do to help??

Geographic Themes Geographic Themes Geographic Themes Geographic Location: A I Q Place: E G O P Can you place the geographic term with the correct geographic theme!?!? Can you place the geographic term with the correct geographic theme!?!? Location: A I Q Location: A I Q Location: A I Q Location: A I Q Location: A I Q Location: A I Q Place: E G O P Place: E G O P Place: E G O P Geographic Themes Geographic Themes Geographic Themes Geographic Themes Geographic Themes Geographic Themes Geographic Themes Region: C F K Movement: D L M Region: C F K Region: C F K Region: C F K Region: C F K Region: C F K Movement: D L M Human/Environment Interaction: B H J N Equator Building roads Southwest Asia Visiting another country On an island Western US A very hot climate Planting crops longitude Equator Building roads Southwest Asia Visiting another country On an island Western US A very hot climate Planting crops longitude Equator Building roads Southwest Asia Visiting another country On an island Western US A very hot climate Planting crops longitude Equator Building roads Southwest Asia Visiting another country On an island Western US A very hot climate Planting crops longitude Equator Building roads Southwest Asia Visiting another country On an island Western US A very hot climate Planting crops longitude Equator Building roads Southwest Asia Visiting another country On an island Western US A very hot climate Planting crops longitude Human/Environment Interaction: B H J N Human/Environment Interaction: B H J N Human/Environment Interaction: B H J N Human/Environment Interaction: B H J N Human/Environment Interaction: B H J N Cutting down forests Your neighborhood Changing your address Written letters Building new houses Areas with little rainfall Swiss chalets & high mts = Switzerland Texas is south of Oklahoma Cutting down forests Your neighborhood Changing your address Written letters Building new houses Areas with little rainfall Swiss chalets & high mts = Switzerland Texas is south of Oklahoma Cutting down forests Your neighborhood Changing your address Written letters Building new houses Areas with little rainfall Swiss chalets & high mts = Switzerland Texas is south of Oklahoma Cutting down forests Your neighborhood Changing your address Written letters Building new houses Areas with little rainfall Swiss chalets & high mts = Switzerland Texas is south of Oklahoma Cutting down forests Your neighborhood Changing your address Written letters Building new houses Areas with little rainfall Swiss chalets & high mts = Switzerland Texas is south of Oklahoma Cutting down forests Your neighborhood Changing your address Written letters Building new houses Areas with little rainfall Swiss chalets & high mts = Switzerland Texas is south of Oklahoma

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