9 th Open Forum on Metadata Registries Harmonization of Terminology, Ontology and Metadata 20th – 22nd March, 2006, Kobe Japan. Presentation Title:Exploring the application of ISO to the ECCMA Open Technical Dictionary (eOTD) Day: 3 Slot No.P22 Name: Gerald Radack Organization: Concurrent Technologies Corp.

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Abstract Work is underway to explore the application of ISO to the Electronic Commerce Code Management Association (ECCMA) Open Technical Dictionary (eOTD). The eOTD will be registered under ISO 22745, a standard being developed within TC184/SC4 to define the requirements for Open Technical Dictionaries. The eOTD is a collection of terminology from consensus organizations designed to support a central, public domain dictionary of cataloging concepts used to create unambiguous, language independent descriptions of individuals, organizations, locations, goods, and services. The eOTD contains property names and definitions that are the key to creating unambiguous descriptions. Essentially, every person, organization, location, and all goods and services can be described using property-value pairs. These “ data labels ” are the properties that are defined in the eOTD. Good progress is being made on and the eOTD has evolved considerably, particularly as a vehicle for free open resolution of terminology and as a tool for terminology harmonization. The eOTD effort is working with as the metadata registry model and has been working with TC37 to refine some of the terminology representation. There are now some wide-scale implementations of the eOTD in the mining industry, NATO is promoting it as their bridge to industry, it is being incorporated into the DoD EMALL and Boeing is promoting it in the aerospace industry, so the eOTD is making steady progress.

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Outline  ISO TC184/SC4  ECCMA Open Technical Dictionary  ISO  Cataloguing module for ISO  ISO 8000  Relationship to ISO/IEC  Conclusions

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 ISO TC184/SC4

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 ISO TC184 Scope Standardization in the field of industrial automation and integration concerning discrete part manufacturing and encompassing the application of multiple technologies, i.e. information systems, machines and equipment, and telecommunications.

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 TC184/SC4 Standards  ISO/TS 8000, Catalogue management systems – Requirements  ISO 10303, Industrial automation systems and integration – Product data representation and exchange  ISO 13584, Industrial automation systems and integration – Parts library  ISO 15531, Industrial automation systems and integration – Industrial manufacturing management data  ISO/PAS 16739, Industry Foundation Classes, Release 2x, Platform Specification (IFC2x Platform  ISO 15926, Industrial automation systems and integration – Integration of life-cycle data for process plants including oil and gas production facilities  ISO 18629, Industrial automation systems and integration – Process specification language  ISO 18876, Industrial automation systems and integration – Integration of industrial data for exchange, access and sharing  ISO/PAS 20542, Industrial automation systems and integration – Product data representation and exchange – Reference model for systems engineering  ISO/PAS 22720, ASAM Open Data Services 5.0  ISO/TS 22745, Industrial automation systems and integration – Open technical dictionary  ISO/PAS 26183, SASIG Product data quality guidelines for the global automotive industry

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Some SC4 Documents of Interest to Metadata Researchers  Metamodel and Infrastructure –ISO EXPRESS information modeling language –ISO x series: implementation methods for EXPRESS data, including metamodel of EXPRESS –ISO : model dictionary, CAD parts library, catalog –ISO : general integration model –ISO 18876: guidelines for mapping and integration of models –ISO 22745: dictionary, identification guide and catalog models –TC184/SC4/N1977, guidelines for the development of mapping specifications  Content –ISO : AP with standard reference data in format –ISO , 239: APs with standard reference data in OWL format –ISO xx series: standard dictionaries for mechanical components –ISO Reference Data Library (RDL) for process industries

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 STEP  ISO 10303, "Standard for Exchange of Product Model Data"  Many different manufacturing fields  Application protocols (APs)  AP 209 Design Through Analysis of Composite and Metallic Structures  AP 210 Electronic Printed Circuit Assembly, Design and Manufacturing  AP 218 Ship Structures  AP 224 Mechanical Product Definition for Process Planning  Using common metamodel (Integrated Resources [IR])  The ultimate goal is for STEP to provide a means of describing product data through the life cycle of a product that is independent of any particular computer system

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 STEP  STEP's goal is to represent all technical information about a product –Product representation –Process to make the product –Material properties –Process inputs (stock) –Tolerances –Assembly –Maintenance –…  One of the new areas is Product Life Cycle Support (PLCS)  Data not so much related to the manufacturing process, but related to the “ maintaining-in-service-life ”, usage and disposal processes  AP 239 (directly stemming from the CALS initiative and NATO Product Data Model)

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006

ECCMA Open Technical Dictionary

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 The ECCMA Open Technical Dictionary (eOTD) is an open technical dictionary of cataloging concepts used to create unambiguous language independent descriptions of individuals, organizations, locations, goods and services.

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 What is Cataloguing?  "The extraction, interpretation and validation of information in accordance with defined policies and procedures to satisfy a request for information."  Building a representation that allows a potential user to easily find items that meet a given set of requirements  The compilation and maintenance of primary information by systematically describing objects in the collection, and the arranging of this information into an object catalog record. [  The systematic organization of information, data, or materials so that they can retrieved when the requester needs them. Cataloging follows rules and practices to enable users to understand the system... [

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Concept Types  Class  Property  Feature  Representation  Unit of Measure  Qualifier of Measure  Property Value  Currency

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Examples of Concepts  Class  bolt:machine  bearing:plain:self-aligning  Property  thread series designator  thread diameter  Feature  flange  inner liner  outer ring  second hole  Representation  string  decimal measure  rational measure  Unit of Measure  degree  radian  kilogram  newton per square millimeter  Qualifier of Measure  nominal  minimum  maximum  Enumerated Property Value  Monday  Tuesday  iron  Currency  US Dollar  Euro

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Property ID Value Measure ID Property term Value Measure term eOTD CLASS NAMEBOLT:MECHANICAL PRODUCT NUMBER NOMINAL THREAD DIAMETER 1.0INCHES WIDTH ACROSS FLATS 1.450INCHES WIDTH ACROSS CORNERS 1.653INCHES HEAD HEIGHT0.591INCHES COUNT PER PACK 10 PACK PRICE 0.80US DOLLAR Machine Bolt; Product Number: ; Nominal thread diameter: 1.0 inches; Width across flats: inches; Width across corners: inches; Head height: inches; Count per pack: 10; Pack price: $0.80 eOTD Coded Identifiers Resolved Rendered XML Catalogue Data

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Goal Lower the cost and increase the quality of cataloging items of supply and production by facilitating cataloging at source

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Approach  The eOTD development approach is driven by empirical analysis of millions of catalogue records, including NATO, mining industry and office supplies  An important consideration is upward compatibility with existing government and commercial cataloguing systems  Catalogue representation is extensional – intended to represent real items of supply and production

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Key Ideas  Cataloguing at source: The supplier creates and delivers eOTD-compatible cataloguing data along with product technical data  STEP APs as the delivery mechanism for both product technical data and cataloguing data  XML catalogue format available as well  Data representation: The explicit representation of the catalogue data as property-value pairs using eOTD tags for concepts

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 eOTD Concept Registry (metadata registry) Terminology GSA-IAE Terminology SDO Terminology SDO Terminology SDO Terminology Public domain concept identifiers Free identifier resolution to underlying terminology (web services) Hyperlink to source standards Multilingual Multiple terms, definitions and images linked to single concept identifier Terminology

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Unambiguous Description  Concepts identified by a globally unambiguous code  Items described with codes for properties, property values, representations, qualifiers, etc., that are recognized by the receiver ’ s supply system  All properties required by the receiver to describe an item based on the item class must be present

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Data Architecture DictionaryCatalogue Identification Guide is coded using concepts in constrains the use of conforms to the constraints in Identification Scheme has concepts identified by

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 eOTD Dictionary Catalogue Identification Guide DictionaryCatalogue Identification Guide Data Architecture Data Model (UML) Exchange Format (XML Schema)

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 A concept may have multiple terms and definitions

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006  The eOTD is meta- information: terminology used to describe individuals, organizations, locations, goods and services.  The ECCMA Stock Number Registry (ESNR) contains the product information itself.

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Dictionary Model  UML conceptual model –definitionMarkup attribute contains XML markup  XML exchange format

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Identification Guide (IG)  Constrains the use of the eOTD dictionary in catalogue data to meet the needs of a specific buyer or group of buyers  Developed and maintained by buyers  Registered with and validated by ECCMA  Subsumes Item Identification Guides (IIGs) used within the NATO Codification System

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 DictionaryIdentification Guide Prescribed header Prescribed property Property-id = 04 Representation = 02 Prescribed property Property-id = 05 Representation = 01 IDConcept TypeConcept Name 01representationstring 02representationcomposite 03representationnumber 04propertysupplier primary POC 05propertyname 07propertyprimary honorific 08propertyprimary first name 09propertyprimary first middle name 10propertyprimary second middle name 11propertyprimary last name 12propertyprimary name suffix or generation 13propertyprimary generation 14propertyprimary gender code 15propertyprimary use designation...

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 DictionaryIdentification Guide Prescribed header Prescribed property Property-id = 04 Representation = 02 Prescribed property Property-id = 05 Representation = 02 IDConcept TypeConcept Name 01representationstring 02representationcomposite 03representationnumber 04propertysupplier primary POC 05propertyname 07propertyprimary honorific 08propertyprimary first name 09propertyprimary first middle name 10propertyprimary second middle name 11propertyprimary last name 12propertyprimary name suffix or generation 13propertyprimary generation 14propertyprimary gender code 15propertyprimary use designation... Prescribed property Property-id = 07 Representation = 01 Prescribed property Property-id = 08 Representation = 01...

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Globally Unique Identifier nnnnnnnn Organization identifier, compliant with ISO 6523, Information technology — Structure for the identification of organizations and organization parts Concept Type Code Concept Code

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Referencing  An IG does not contain its own set of identifiers  A catalogue references concept identifiers from the dictionary, not the IG  An IG is not needed to decode a catalogue  An IG is needed to create a catalogue that meets a buyer ’ s requirements

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 ISO 22745

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Planned Parts  Part 1: Overview  Part 10: Dictionary representation  Part 11: Guidelines for the formulation of cataloging terminology  Part 13: Identification of concepts and terminology  Part 14: Dictionary query interface  Part 20: Procedures for the maintenance of an Open Technical Dictionary  Part 30: Identification guide representation  Part 40: Catalogue representation  Part 50: Structure and operation of the Registration Authority  Part 200: Implementation guide for incorporating cataloguing information into ISO product data

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Harmonization  Harmonization of terminology is outside the scope of ISO  ISO 860 is referenced  The eOTD will be a powerful tool to facilitate harmonization because of the large amount of terminology loaded, and its free and open access  Maintenance processes are defined in to allow addition of terminology to a concept, merger of concepts, etc.

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Relationship Between ISO and ISO  Common dictionary XML schema and Web services interfaces being developed  Will be published as a separate standard – no number assigned yet  Will be tailored within and 13584

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Cataloguing Model for ISO 10303

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Simplified cataloguing module,  Simple catalogue representation as property- value pairs with features  Allows reference to external dictionary for class, property, feature, non-SI unit of measure, enumeration value  Compatible with any dictionary of classes and properties (OTD, PLIB, Oil&Gas, etc.)  will provide guidance for use of this module with ISO dictionaries  Targeted for inclusion in AP 203 ed 2 DIS

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 STEP FileDictionary Class, Property, Feature, Representation, Unit of Measure, Qualifier of Measure, Property Value, or Currency Concept Entry Concept Entry Concept Identifier term definition term definition Linking from STEP File to Dictionary

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Catalogue Data part_versionproperty_value value string property_id property_value value string property_id property_value value string property_id property_value value string property_id

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 ISO 8000

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Data Quality Extra time to reconcile data Loss of credibility in a system Extra costs Customer dissatisfaction Delay in deploying a new system Lost revenue Compliance problems Problems Due to Poor Data Quality Sources of Data Quality Problems Data entry by employees Changes to root/source systems Data migration or conversion projects Mixed expectations by users External data System errors Data entry by customers

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 The value of information is dependent on, (1) its relevance (fit for the purpose), (2) its currency (timeliness), (3) its accuracy and (4) its accessibility (ease of use). This standard recognizes that there is a need to allow the intended recipient of information (typically a buyer) the ability to define their data requirements in terms of the standards to be used for data encoding (syntax and semantic encoding) and for defining completeness. This standard also recognizes that the provider of the information (typically a supplier) may wish to provide an assurance of accuracy (representations, certifications, and warranties) and that this can be validated (certified) by an independent third party. While compliance with encoding and completeness can be validated programmatically, assertions of grades of accuracy are covered by authoritative representations, certifications and warranties at the organizational level. Background

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Fundamental Requirements of ISO 8000  Minimum encoding requirements  Labeling:  Each data element must be tagged using a globally unique identifier that can be resolved to its terminology through a free (anonymous) internet interface.  Originating and cataloging organizations:  The originating and cataloging organizations for each data element must be identified using globally unique identifiers that can be resolved to contact information through a free (anonymous) internet interface.  Origination and cataloging date  The origination and cataloging date of each data element must be specified.

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Relationship between ISO 8000 and ISO  The labeling requirements of ISO 8000 should be amended to read: "each data element must be tagged using a globally unique identifier that can be resolved to its terminology through a free (anonymous) internet interface. An example of this would be ISO or any other terminology resolution standard ”

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Relationship between ISO 8000 and ISO It is recommended the following wording be included: 1.ISO 8000 compliance requires that a standard data model is used for encoding. Examples of these include ISO ISO /25, , ISO 9735, ISO ISO 8000 shall state that there be a clearly defined data requirement standard against which the data can be programmatically tested for compliance. Examples of this include ISO Identification Guide and ISO Fasteners or an UN/CEFACT IMPDEF message

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Requirements of ISO 8000 Information quality at the level of the organization Assessment of the level (grade) of information management capabilities

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Relationship to ISO/IEC 11179

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Links between Standards  ISO is intended to be compatible with ISO/IEC  ISO implements ISO/IEC and -5

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Issues  separates dictionary and IG, not clear  Use of term "concept"  Inheritance from Administered_Item –In eOTD, Administered_Item is in a separate private schema, not part of the standard  Standardized implementation methods (e.g., Web services, exchange file formats) –Need standard resolution services  Conformance requirements  Aggregates, complex data types

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Issues  Different sets of administered items Class Property Feature Representation Unit of Measure Qualifier of Measure Property Value Currency Classification_Scheme Conceptual_Domain Data_Element Data_Element_Concept Derivation_Rule Object_Class Property Value_Domain

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Issues  Separation of dictionary, IG, and catalogue  Meaning of context  Differences in terminology, e.g. Concept  Language_Section –Should reference dictionary for spelling, specification of geographic region as well as language –Prefer attaching Terminological_Entry directly to Designation and Definition, and linking them to geographic usage  Definition –definition_text should be XML markup (terminological markup language?) –Separate Definition from Designation

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Summary and Conclusions

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Where will this lead us? STEP eOTD Cataloging at Source Industry better product visibility User better search capabilities Automatic Form, fit, function analysis - Inventory Rationalization Acquisition, design, OEMs Suppliers, small production

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 Conclusions  Cataloguing at source is more accurate, more efficient and ensures more accurate data throughout life cycle  Web services and high speed faceted metadata search engines are changing the landscape of the Internet  eOTD availability as open free standard combined with easy to implement XML catalogue formats is fuelling rapid adoption

9th Open Forum for Metadata Registry, Kobe, 2006 For More Information  TC184/SC4:  eOTD:  ISO 22745:  NCS: htm