Violence Reduction “The Shared Agenda” John Carnochan QPM Detective Chief Superintendent Scottish Violence Reduction Unit

“More Law, Less Order” Prof Irvine Waller

“Truth springs from argument amongst friends” David Hume

Violence Challenge Straightforward = Command and Control Complicated = Management and Process Wicked = Leadership and Change

The “How?” “Interpersonal violence – violence between individuals in families and communities – is a public health problem.” Etienne Krug Director Department of Injuries and Violence Prevention World health Organisation 2004

The “How” Surveillance Systematic data collection Identify risk / protective factors Research why it occurs Develop and evaluate interventions Find out what works. Implement Scale up and evaluate effective programmes

Partners: A&E Admissions

Understand Causes of Violence Two components to Violence: The propensity to be violent - personal factors The triggers of violence - social factors The Wave Report 2005 “Violence and what to do about it”

Deprivation

What do Employers Want? Percentage of Employers reporting an employee skill gap. Future Skills Bar Chart. See Future Skills Scotland Website, Employer Survey 2004, p27, fig 15.

Rates of Return to Human Capital Secondary Preschool Primary Higher Education Rates of Return to Human Capital

Public Health Model Individual Relationship CommunitySocietal   Parenting   Lack of knowledge   Friends that engage in violence   Prevalence of gang culture   Violent families – siblings/parents   Lack of significant adults/positive role model   Cultural norms   Legitimisation of violence   Access to and use of alcohol   Lack of aspiration   Dependancy   Lack of punishment for pre cursor offences – knife carrying   Lack of visible swift justice   Links to deprivation   Scottishness   Lack of communication skills   Poor behavioural control   Impulsiveness   Aggressive behaviour   Lack of skills to deal with conflict   Lack of “life” skills   Exclusion from Services/Schools   Nutrition Diet Health   Alcohol   Lack of employment opportunities

The Big Seven 1.Enrich Early Years Experience 2.Develop Adolescent Life Skills 3.Reduce Access to Alcohol 4.Reduce Access to Lethal Means 5.Promote Gender Equality 6.Change Cultural and Social Norms 7.Victim Identification and support World Health Organisation Liverpool JMU

birth Early Years Framework GIRFEC Curriculum for Excellence YJ Framework Promoting Positive Outcomes (ASB) Achieving our Potential (Poverty) Equally Well (Health Inequalities) Road to Recovery (Drugs) Alcohol framework Purpose Government Economic Strategy National Outcomes SOAs NATIONAL POLICIES NATIONAL PERFORMANCE LIFE JOURNEY Valuing our Young People More Choices More Chances

National perspective - violence Wicked problem – for leaders not technicians Partnership in action – policy and practice Outcomes not processes Public health inspired response –Interdisciplinary (partnership) –Evidence-led (problem profile – outcome evaluation) –Prevention focused (earlier, more effective intervention – further upstream) –Whole population/targeted (ecological model)

Challenges Joining up –Widening the coalition – health, education... –Dilution - everyone’s a partner; no-one’s responsible –Push me/pull me - Links between national policies and local policy/delivery. –Outcomes – shared language? A new jargon? Scaling up –Fragmented delivery landscape –Lack of robust outcome evaluation (What works?) –Resources – state of public finances – opportunity? Wising up –Leadership – working the system - out of the comfort zone – doing things differently. This is a highly adaptive challenge not a technical problem.

It is only with the positive commitment of strategic architects like you, that we can hope to make a real difference to the future of Scotland. The Violence Reduction Alliance Pledge is our shared vision to start building our alliance for a safer Scotland. We would appreciate your continued support in building that alliance. Do you agree with the pledge? YES NO If you disagree, please explain why: The Action on Violence website has been developedwww.actiononviolence.com to share information on events and initiatives andpromote best practice, between alliance members and other interested parties. I would like to receive updates on what is happening in Action on Violence I would like to be a member of the Violence Reduction Alliance (I agree to my details below, being added to the website so as to share good practice on violence reduction across Scotland) Name…………………………….. Organisation…………………….. Address……………………… Contact Telephone No…………….