Ways People Seek God R210A Spiritual Formation Lawrence Pascual

These are six models of how people seek God From James Martin’s book The Jesuit Guide to (Almost) Everything (Ignatian Spirituality) The models are broad and can even overlap Person can belong to multiple models

Path of Independence Path of Disbelief Path of Exploration Path of Return Path of Confusion Path of Belief

Separate from organized religion Believe in God (theist) Church is meaningless, offensive, dull, or all three Though away from religious institutions, finds comfort in religious practices learned as child Comfort in the familiar

Maybe hurt by church Insulted (or abused) by priest, pastor, rabbi, and etc. Bored Church services are boring, meaningless Worship is not lively Disagreements E.g., sexual abuse scandals of the clergy E.g,. teaching on sexual morality E.g., political stance

Healthy independence See things in new ways (Outsider perspective) Not restricted by rules Be more honest E.g., Critique of Church during sex scandals – Did they handle it correctly? Who did they take care of? Sometimes entrenched in church, we sometimes fail to see its flaws

No commitment to any religion Perfectionism: “All organized religion is imperfect, therefore, belong to no one” Forgets that everybody is more or less imperfect (even him or herself)

Separate from organized religion Atheistic or Agnostic Scientific approach Seeks proofs for God’s existence Finding none that is suitable, reject theism

Does not take religion for granted Religion is not just something adopted as child Requires thinking and choice May think about religion more critically than believers Critical of beliefs Does not accept things blindly E.g., “People suffer because it is God’s will” What does that even mean?

Too much reliance on science and intellect Becomes a wall/fortress Blindness and unwillingness to see divine in creation They need concrete, hard evidence proof of God’s existence (which is almost impossible) Story of Atheist avoiding a flood on top of a house

Began in religious family, drifted away, but returns to church (or other tradition) Forced to attend religious services but find it dull, meaningless, boring (similar to Path of Independence) Religion is distant, but appealing Curiosity about God

Desire for maturity Desire to reeducate themselves to understand faith in mature way E.g., God as problem solver Prayed but God would not answer all prayers Does God give what we want or what we need? If God is not a problem solver, who is God? Return to religion

James Martin does not list any dangers What dangers do you see?

Stepping into other religious traditions Exploration: Searching for a religion that fits

Desire for God, for community or spiritual home One finds an understanding of God and a community that suits one’s personality If returning to home religion, new appreciation for faith

No commitment to current religion Not settling to one tradition since all are imperfect No tradition suits them God is someone who satisfies their needs E.g., Cafeteria Christian Pick and choose what to believe about God Ignore other aspects Pick the Christ of suffering, but forget the Christ of loving relationship

They haven’t left religion, but they are confused about God God is a problem and mystery In between religious and nonreligious Participates in worship services Problems of belonging Do they feel they are Catholic? Do they consider themselves fully Catholic?

Fine-tuning their faith In between religious and nonreligious Haven’t made up their minds, refining ideas about belonging to religion

Confusion becomes laziness Too much work to think about religion

part of organized religion believe in God Maybe born into religious family Cradle Catholic

Confidence in their belief in God Faith puts meaning into their lives: joys and struggles in life Never alone: God is always there Overcame confusion: Certainty and Confidence

Inability to understand people on other paths Judge others on their doubt or disbelief Certainty prevents compassion, sympathy, and sometimes tolerance towards those that are uncertain, nonbelieving Complacency in one’s relationship with God E.g., cling to childhood faith. When tragedy strikes, abandon God of youth, and sometimes God completely

“Think of it this way: you wouldn’t consider yourself equipped to face life with a third-grader’s understanding of math. Yet people often expect the religious instruction they had in grammar school to sustain them in the adult world” (James Martin)

“Just as an adult child needs to relate to his or her parent in a new way, so adult believers need to relate to God in new ways as they mature. Otherwise, one remains stuck in a childlike view of God that prevents fully embracing a mature faith” (James Martin)