Section 3.1 Describe Internet hardware and software Explain Internet protocols Compare intranets, extranets, and the Internet Section 3.2 Identify URL components Compare Web browsers Use search engines

Section 3.3 Describe Web development applications and hardware Describe connectivity components Insert external hyperlinks Section 3.4 Explain how to download files responsibly Summarize copyright and fair use laws Cite digital sources Evaluate Web site content

3.1 The Internet Guide to Reading Main Ideas Protocols allow computers to communicate. People often use the Internet to communicate with other users. Intranets and extranets are networks that are protected from unauthorized access. Key Terms Internet service provider (ISP) protocol Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) File Transfer Protocol (FTP) intranet extranet pp

The U.S. government developed a network of computers called ARPANET, which became the Internet. The first graphical-user interface (GUI) browser was created in It allowed users to view graphic, audio, and video files located on the Internet. Origins of the Internet 3.1 The Internet pp

3.1 The Internet How the Internet Works Internet hardware and software allow you to access files from other computers and servers Internet service provider You must be connected to a communication line to access an Internet service provider. Internet service provider (ISP) A business that provides a network to customers that they use to access the Internet. (p. 63) pp

3.1 The Internet How the Internet Works Protocols Internet Protocols: Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) File Transfer Protocol (FTP File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Telnet Gopher WAIS pp protocol A set of rules and procedures that specify how data are formatted and transmitted between computer systems. (p. 64) Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Basic Internet protocol that contains the specific information that allows computers to identify each other and exchange data. (p. 64) Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Used to transfer files from a Web server to a Web browser. (p. 64) File Transfer Protocol (FTP) A standardized method of uploading and downloading files on the Internet. (p. 64)

Communication on the Internet Listserv Newsgroups or Forums Chat Rooms Internet Relay Chat Instant Messaging Entertainment on the Internet Multiuser domain games (MUDs) MUD object–orientated games (MOOs) Internet Resources 3.1 The Internet pp

3.1 The Internet Other Networks intranetsxtranets There is basically no technical difference between the Internet, intranets, and extranets. The differences lie in the ways these networks are used. intranet A LAN or WAN that is designed to make it easy to share information within an organization, such as a business or a school. (p. 66) extranet A type of network that can be accessed by outside or remote users who are authorized to use the network. (p. 66) pp

3.2 The Web Guide to Reading Main Ideas A URL is an address that identifies a specific Web page. Web browsers have varying capabilities. Search engines help locate sites containing specific information. Users should carefully evaluate all information found online. Key Terms uniform resource locator (URL) domain name domain name extension accessibility option search engine Web directory keyword Boolean search pp

3.2 The Web Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) URLs HTTP requires that Web page URLs be in a standard format. Most addresses consist of four main parts: Protocol Address Directory path Retrieved file uniform resource locator (URL) A unique address that enables a browser to locate specific page files on the Web. (p. 68) pp

3.2 The Web Uniform Resource Locators domain name domain name extension The address of the Web page includes the domain name. The domain name includes a domain name extension. pp domain name Part of a URL that identifies the entity (such as a university, individual, or business) that sponsors the Web site. (p. 68) domain name extension Part of the URL that tells users what type of organization uses the address. (p. 69)

Web browsers are used to request, retrieve, and view Web pages. There are many different browsers to choose from, including Microsoft Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator. Different browsers may interpret HTML in different ways. Using a Web Browser 3.2 The Web pp

3.2 The Web Using a Web Browser accessibility options Many browsers include accessibility options for differently abled individuals. For example, most browsers let users increase the size of text on the screen. This option helps users with impaired vision read text more easily. accessibility option A feature that allows differently abled individuals to access and use Web pages. (p. 70) pp

3.2 The Web Locating Information Online search engines Search tools like search engines and Web directories can help you locate what you are looking for on the Internet. search engine An application that locates information about Web pages and then stores this information in searchable databases that you can access from your browser. (p. 72) Web directory Search tool that catalogs Web sites (not pages) by topic or category. (p. 72) pp

3.2 The Web Locating Information Online KeywordBoolean searches To use a search engine, you make a search query. Keyword and Boolean searches are two types of queries. pp keyword An important word related to the specific topic you are trying to locate. (p. 72) Boolean search A type of search that combines keywords in specific ways to locate specific pages. (p. 72)

Activity 3A – Preview a Web Page (p. 70) Activity 3B – Performing a Boolean Search (p. 73) 3.2 The Web pp

3.3 Web Site Development Tools Guide to Reading Main Ideas The type of hardware and software needed to develop a Web site depends on the size and complexity of the site. You must have access to a Web server to publish a Web site. External links let users move between different Web sites. Key Terms text editor Web site development application WYSIWYG Web hosting service external hyperlink pp

3.3 Web Site Development Tools Software Needs The software tools used to create Web sites can be divided into two broad categories: Text editors Text editors Web site development applications text editor An application used to enter and edit the HTML code in a Web page. (p. 74) WYSIWYG Web site development application Sophisticated application package that some Web developers use to create Web sites. FrontPage is one that uses a WYSIWYG interface. (p. 74) WYSIWYG Applications that allow you to create Web pages so that what you see on the screen is very similar to the appearance of the final page; stands for “what you see is what you get.” (p. 74) pp

The Web designer’s toolbox should include applications for creating and modifying graphics, video, and audio components. Web Page Component Applications 3.3 Web Site Development Tools pp

3.3 Web Site Development Tools Hardware and Connectivity Needs Beyond the basic hardware components, many developers use other input and output devices: Scanner Digital camera Microphone Web hosting service Many people also use a Web hosting service to gain access to a Web server. Web hosting service Service that sells Web server space, usually for a monthly fee. (p. 77) pp

3.3 Web Site Development Tools Linking to Online Resources External hyperlinks Hyperlinks set Web pages apart from other Internet documents. External hyperlinks can connect one page to a page on a different Web site. external hyperlink A hyperlink that takes a user to a page on a different Web site. (p. 77) pp

Activity 3C – Inserting External Hyperlinks (p. 77) 3.3 Web Site Development Tools pp

3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues Guide to Reading Main Ideas Ethical, social, and legal guidelines govern the use of online resources. Users must respect copyright law and trademark rules when using digital resources and cite their sources whenever possible. Key Terms Internet Use Agreement Netiquette commercial software shareware freeware copyright pp

Online communications enable you to share all kinds of information instantly with people around the world. While the Internet helps communications, spending a lot of time at computers can also isolate people. Be sure to balance the time you spend online with other activities. The Internet and Society 3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues pp

3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues Ethical Internet Use There are rules that online users must follow. They include: Internet Use Agreements Internet Use Agreements Netiquette Protect your privacy Internet Use Agreement Used by organizations such as schools and businesses to regulate online use; also called Acceptable Use Policies or AUPs. (p. 80) Netiquette General guidelines that have developed over the years to guide Internet interactions. (p. 81) pp

3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues Downloading and Copying from the Internet Laws govern what you can legally download from Web sites and how you can use the files. commercial software sharewarefreeware Most software can be categorized as commercial software, shareware, or freeware. pp commercial software Software that is developed and distributed with the intention of making a profit. (p. 81) shareware Copyrighted software that an author allows to be freely distributed. (p. 81) freeware Software that can be freely copied and used for any legal purpose. (p. 81)

3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues Using Information from the Web copyright It is not always legal to copy information from the Web. A copyright may be attached to creative works on the Web. The fair use doctrine allows for small portions of a work to be used for educational purposes. copyright Asserts that only the copyright’s owner has the right to sell his or her work or to allow someone else to sell it. (p. 82) pp

To be an effective developer, you will have to learn how to evaluate online resources to determine the quality of the Web site’s information and how to cite digital sources. Using Information from the Web 3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues pp Wallace, Scott. “Into the Amazon.” nationalgeographic.com. National Geographic Society (accessed July 30, 2003)..

Activity 3D – Adding a Copyright Notice (p. 82) 3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues pp

For more resources on this chapter, go to the Introduction to Web Design Web site at webdesign.glencoe.com.webdesign.glencoe.com Resources Chapter 3