5.4 Phase diagrams of binary systems Φ min =1, F max =3 C=2, F=2-Φ+2=4-Φ Predict by phase law: Three dimentional diagram T, P, x Intercepting plane graph---two.

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Presentation transcript:

5.4 Phase diagrams of binary systems Φ min =1, F max =3 C=2, F=2-Φ+2=4-Φ Predict by phase law: Three dimentional diagram T, P, x Intercepting plane graph---two dimentional diagrams T, P, x (T, x) p, (P, x) T or (T, P) x

Contents Liquid-liquid  Miscible  Partly-miscible  Immiscible Liquid-solid  Water-salt Solid-solid

5.4.1 Phase diagram of miscible binary systems Ideal mixed systems: Two components both follow Raoult’s Law. ( ) T, P-x, A+B

( ) T, P-y, A+B

( ) T, P-x-y xAxA Liquid P Vapour Φ=2 F=2-2+1=1(P) liquid Liquid/ Vapour A is more volatile than BB is more volatile than A

( ) P T-x

x1x1x1x1 d T3 d’ x2 TA*TA* x3x4 T c T2 c’ a a’ b T1 b’ A B TB*TB* x1x1x1x1 Ｔ1Ｔ1Ｔ1Ｔ1 x2x2x2x2 Ｔ2Ｔ2Ｔ2Ｔ2 x3x3x3x3 Ｔ3Ｔ3Ｔ3Ｔ3 x2x2x2x2 x3x3x3x3 x4x4x4x4 A The composition variation in the distillation process How would it be in an closed system?

P-x ， liquid(upper line)- gas(lower line) Getting T-x phase diagram from P-x Relating P-x and T-x phase diagram T-x ， gas(upper line)-liquid(lower line)

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P-x and T-x phase diagrams of non-ideal miscible binary systems

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351.28K ，  Low-boiling azeotrope

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Homework Y: P161 17, 18 A: P (a), 8.6(a) Preview: Y: 5.5,5.6, 5.7 A:8.5, 8.6