Chapter 7

Ye Parliaments of England, Ye lords and commons, too, Consider well what you’re about, And what you’re goin’ to do; Your’re now at war with Yankees, And I’m sure you’ll rue the day Ye roused the sons of liberty, In North Americay. Who do you think is singing this song? (be specific) Who are they singing it to?

The U.S. army consisted of fewer than 7,000 troops Public support? Many states opposed “Mr. Madison’s War” The states had between 50,000 to 100,000 militia But they were poorly trained Americans underestimated the strength of the British and their Why had Jefferson slashed the size of the army and navy? To reduce the national debt

William Hull Led the army from Detroit into Canada Hull met by Tecumseh and his warriors Fearing a massacre, Hull surrenders Ft. Detroit to the British William H. Harrison Also tried to capture British-held Canada He was unsuccessful Realized British control of Lake Erie prevented an American victory July 1812

September 10, 1813 Perry’s orders were to seize control of Lake Erie from the British After a bloody battle, Perry’s fleet defeated the British naval force Perry’s orders were to seize control of Lake Erie from the British After a bloody battle, Perry’s fleet defeated the British naval force “We have met the enemy and they are ours.” Oliver Hazard Perry

Republicans had reduced the size of the navy to help lower the. However, the navy still boasted three of the fastest frigates afloat. A frigate is a. American privateers also staged spectacular attacks on British ships and captured numerous vessels. A privateer is an… national debt warship armed private ship

Battle of Thames With Lake Erie in American hands, the British and their N.A. allies tried to pull back from the Detroit area. Harrison and his troops cut them off. In the fierce Battle of the Thames on October 5, 1813, the great leader Tecumseh was killed. Battle of York Americans also attacked the town of York (present- day Toronto, Canada). The American forces burned down the buildings of parliament. Though the Americans won some battles on land and sea, Canada remained unconquered. U.S.S. Constitution The Constitution was one of America’s fastest frigates. The Constitution destroyed two British vessels – the Guerriere and the Java. After seeing a shot bounce off the Constitution’s hull during battle, a sailor nicknamed the ship “Old Ironsides.” Battles, Continued…

In March 1814, Andrew Jackson led an attack against the Creeks in Alabama. His forces slaughtered more than 550 of the Creek people. Their defeat broke the Creeks’ resistance and forced them to give up most of their lands to the U.S.

With the war with France over, the British were able to send much of their navy and many more troops to deal with the United States… In August 1814, the British sailed into Chesapeake Bay. Their destination was Washington, D.C. On the outskirts of D.C., the British troops quickly overpowered the militia. “They proceeded, without a moment’s delay, to burn and destroy everything…” “They proceeded, without a moment’s delay, to burn and destroy everything…”

The White House ruins after the conflagration of August 24, 1814 The United States Capitol after the burning of Washington, D.C. The Capitol Building, the president’s mansion, the Library of Congress, and the U.S. Treasury Building were among the buildings burned. “We shall rebuild Washington. The enemy cannot frighten a free people.” – Dolley Madison Fortunately, a violent thunderstorm put out the fires before they could do more damage.

2. Baltimore was ready and waiting – barricaded roads, blocked harbor, 13,000 militiamen. 1. Surprisingly, Britain didn’t try and hold D.C., but sailed to Baltimore. 3. Britain launches a ferocious attack on Ft. McHenry from the harbor. The fort successfully protects the city.

In the thick of the War of 1812, Baltimore lawyer Francis Scott Key approached British authorities in the hopes of learning the whereabouts of a physician friend thought to have been incarcerated by the British for “unfriendly acts.” Key was detained on one of the British warships that had sailed into Baltimore Harbor to attack Fort McHenry, the cities last defense against British occupation. The attack, which Key witnessed from the ship’s deck, began at night on September 13, 1814, with a massive naval bombardment of Fort McHenry. Thousands of salvos “bursting in air” were fired against the fort, but to Key’s astonishment, the “dawn’s early light” revealed that the American flag – Old Glory – “was still there.”

1.General Sir George Prevost led more than 10,000 British troops into NY from Canada 2.Goal: to capture Plattsburgh, a key city on Lake Champlain 3.The invasion was stopped when an American naval force defeated the British fleet in September The British forced to retreat to Canada After the Battle of Lake Champlain, the British decided the war in North America was too costly and unnecessary.

The Treaty of Ghent Signed in Ghent, Belgium December 24, 1814

Battle was culmination of a month of minor skirmishes Treaty of Ghent ending the war had been signed several weeks before, unbeknownst to combatants Led by Andrew Jackson, a rag tag group of Americans caused 3000 British casualties in 40 minutes They fought behind cotton bales that could not be shipped because of the British naval blockade Andrew Jackson becomes a hero and later uses his fame to become President in 1828

Outcomes of the War:  New American Nationalism  Growth in American Manufacturing  Native American issues are settled  No territorial exchanges between the US and Britain Causes of the War: Impressment of American sailors at the hands of the British Violation of American neutral rights on the open seas Encouragement of Native Americans to attack white settlers in the western United States Overview

1.This American general surrendered Detroit to a small British force in July He successfully seized control of Lake Erie. 3.Tecumseh was killed during this battle in October What is a “frigate”? 5.What is a “privateer”? 6.What American led an attack on the Creek in March 1814? What was this battle called? 7.What was the result of this battle? 8.Who wrote the Star-Spangled Banner? 9.What led the British to decide that to continue fighting would cost them too much? 10.Name the peace treaty that ended the War of When was it signed? 11.Who led the Battle of New Orleans? 12.Why did the Federalist Party lose power and influence after the War of 1812?