Muscle Contraction.

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Presentation transcript:

Muscle Contraction

Microscopic Anatomy Sarcolemma= plasma membrane of the muscle cell Filled with myofibrils (look like tubes) Sarcoplasmic Reticulum= organelle that holds Calcium ions

Myofibrils Are made up of units called sarcomeres. (from Z to Z)

Myofibrils Composed of myofilaments: actin (thin) and myosin (thick). I band= area with actin..thin bands protein A band= area that contains actin and myosin bands alternating which is why they appear darker

I bands and A bands Appear as light and dark striations…makes skeletal muscles look striated H-zone= area where only myosin is located in relaxed muscle

Relaxed muscle shows H zone (bare zone)

Contraction When nerve impulse reaches a muscle it triggers the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release large amounts of Ca 2+ Calcium binds to actin on regulatory proteins and causes those proteins to change shape and move revealing myosin binding sites.

Contraction continued Myosin then binds to those sites on the actin. The myosin pulls on the actin and pulls actin in toward the H-zone. This happens multiple times until the muscle is fully contracted

Myosin Heads Move..attach to actin and move again….

2- Muscle contraction: Cell events Figure 11.13

Synaptic events The AP reaches the axonal bulb Voltage-gated calcium channels open The influx of Ca in the bulb activates enzymes the vesicles containing the neurotransmitter molecule dock and release the neurotransmitter in the synapse

The neurotransmitter for skeletal muscles is always acetylcholine The receptors on the muscle fiber are cholinergic receptors

2- The Mechanism of Force Generation in Muscle

Figure 12.7